The effect of flaxseed supplementation on sex hormone profile in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Frontiers in Nutrition

Nutrition

Gholamreza Askari¹  Mohammad Natami²  Kimia Sadat Kazemi³  Fereshte Torabi⁴  Zahra Hajhashemy⁵  Mahdi Vajdi⁵  Amir Hossein Moridpour⁶  Vali Musazadeh⁷  Ahmad Nazari⁸ 

[1] Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran;Department of Urology, Shahid Mohammadi Hospital, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran;Faculty of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran;Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran;Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran;Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran;School of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran;Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;

关键词: flaxseed;    sex hormones;    gender;    systematic review;    meta-analysis;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fnut.2023.1222584

 received in 2023-05-17, accepted in 2023-10-03,  发布年份 2023

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

Inconsistent data suggest that flaxseed supplementation may have a role in sex hormones. We aimed to carry out a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating effects of flaxseed supplementation on sex hormone profile. PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science databases, and Google Scholar were searched up to March 2023. Standardized mean difference (SMD) was pooled using a random-effects model. Sensitivity analysis, heterogeneity, and publication bias were reported using standard methods. The quality of each study was evaluated with the revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials, known as RoB 2. Finding from ten RCTs revealed that flaxseed supplementation had no significant alteration in follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) (SMD: −0.11; 95% CI: −0.87, 0.66: p = 0.783), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) (SMD: 0.35; 95% CI: −0.02, 0.72; p = 0.063), total testosterone (TT) levels (SMD: 0.17; 95% CI: −0.07, 0.41; p = 0.165), free androgen index (FAI) (SMD = 0.11, 95% CI: −0.61, 0.83; p = 0.759), and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) (SMD: 0.08, 95%CI: −0.55, 0.72, p = 0.794). Flaxseed supplementation had no significant effect on sex hormones in adults. Nevertheless, due to the limited included trials, this topic is still open and needs further studies in future RCTs.

【 授权许可】

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Copyright © 2023 Musazadeh, Nazari, Natami, Hajhashemy, Kazemi, Torabi, Moridpour, Vajdi and Askari.