期刊论文详细信息
Frontiers in Endocrinology
The connection between tricarboxylic acid cycle enzyme mutations and pseudohypoxic signaling in pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma
Endocrinology
Xin Gao1  Honglan Zhou1  Yuxiong Wang1  Bin Liu1  Faping Li1  Yanghe Zhang2  Yishu Wang2 
[1] Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China;Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China;
关键词: pheochromocytoma;    paraganglioma;    pseudohypoxia;    VHL/HIF axis;    genetic mutations;    tricarboxylic acid cycle;    metabolic reprogramming;   
DOI  :  10.3389/fendo.2023.1274239
 received in 2023-08-08, accepted in 2023-09-25,  发布年份 2023
来源: Frontiers
PDF
【 摘 要 】

Pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGLs) are rare neuroendocrine tumors originating from chromaffin cells, holding significant clinical importance due to their capacity for excessive catecholamine secretion and associated cardiovascular complications. Roughly 80% of cases are associated with genetic mutations. Based on the functionality of these mutated genes, PPGLs can be categorized into distinct molecular clusters: the pseudohypoxia signaling cluster (Cluster-1), the kinase signaling cluster (Cluster-2), and the WNT signaling cluster (Cluster-3). A pivotal factor in the pathogenesis of PPGLs is hypoxia-inducible factor-2α (HIF2α), which becomes upregulated even under normoxic conditions, activating downstream transcriptional processes associated with pseudohypoxia. This adaptation provides tumor cells with a growth advantage and enhances their ability to thrive in adverse microenvironments. Moreover, pseudohypoxia disrupts immune cell communication, leading to the development of an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Within Cluster-1a, metabolic perturbations are particularly pronounced. Mutations in enzymes associated with the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, such as succinate dehydrogenase (SDHx), fumarate hydratase (FH), isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH), and malate dehydrogenase type 2 (MDH2), result in the accumulation of critical oncogenic metabolic intermediates. Notable among these intermediates are succinate, fumarate, and 2-hydroxyglutarate (2-HG), which promote activation of the HIFs signaling pathway through various mechanisms, thus inducing pseudohypoxia and facilitating tumorigenesis. SDHx mutations are prevalent in PPGLs, disrupting mitochondrial function and causing succinate accumulation, which competitively inhibits α-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases. Consequently, this leads to global hypermethylation, epigenetic changes, and activation of HIFs. In FH-deficient cells, fumarate accumulation leads to protein succination, impacting cell function. FH mutations also trigger metabolic reprogramming towards glycolysis and lactate synthesis. IDH1/2 mutations generate D-2HG, inhibiting α-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases and stabilizing HIFs. Similarly, MDH2 mutations are associated with HIF stability and pseudohypoxic response. Understanding the intricate relationship between metabolic enzyme mutations in the TCA cycle and pseudohypoxic signaling is crucial for unraveling the pathogenesis of PPGLs and developing targeted therapies. This knowledge enhances our comprehension of the pivotal role of cellular metabolism in PPGLs and holds implications for potential therapeutic advancements.

【 授权许可】

Unknown   
Copyright © 2023 Wang, Liu, Li, Zhang, Gao, Wang and Zhou

【 预 览 】
附件列表
Files Size Format View
RO202311140572978ZK.pdf 1770KB PDF download
  文献评价指标  
  下载次数:0次 浏览次数:0次