Genetic population structure of the malaria vector Anopheles baimaii in north-east India using mitochondrial DNA

Malaria Journal

Research

Gias U Ahmed¹  Samantha M O'Loughlin²  Catherine Walton³  Devojit K Sarma⁴  Sweta Singh⁴  Anil Prakash⁴  Pradumnya K Mohapatra⁴  Nilanju P Sarma⁴  Jagadish Mahanta⁴  Dibya R Bhattacharyya⁴  Kanika Das⁵  Kanta Bhattacharjee⁶ 

[1] Department of Biotechnology, Gauhati University, Guwahati-781014, Assam, India;Department of Ecology and Evolution, Imperial College London, SL5 7PY, Silwood Park, UK;Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, M13 9PT, Manchester, UK;Regional Medical Research Centre, NE (ICMR), Dibrugarh-786001, Assam, India;Regional Medical Research Centre, NE (ICMR), Dibrugarh-786001, Assam, India;Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat - 785013, Assam, India;Regional Medical Research Centre, NE (ICMR), Dibrugarh-786001, Assam, India;College of Veterinary Sciences, Assam Agriculture University, Guwahati-781022, Assam, India;

关键词: Anopheles baimaii;    Cytochrome oxidase II;    Southeast Asia;    Malaria vector;    North-east India;    Population genetics;   

DOI  :  10.1186/1475-2875-11-76

 received in 2011-12-02, accepted in 2012-03-20,  发布年份 2012

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundAnopheles baimaii is a primary vector of human malaria in the forest settings of Southeast Asia including the north-eastern region of India. Here, the genetic population structure and the basic population genetic parameters of An. baimaii in north-east India were estimated using DNA sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase sub unit II (COII) gene.MethodsAnopheles baimaii were collected from 26 geo-referenced locations across the seven north-east Indian states and the COII gene was sequenced from 176 individuals across these sites. Fifty-seven COII sequences of An. baimaii from six locations in Bangladesh, Myanmar and Thailand from a previous study were added to this dataset. Altogether, 233 sequences were grouped into eight population groups, to facilitate analyses of genetic diversity, population structure and population history.ResultsA star-shaped median joining haplotype network, unimodal mismatch distribution and significantly negative neutrality tests indicated population expansion in An. baimaii with the start of expansion estimated to be ~0.243 million years before present (MYBP) in north-east India. The populations of An. baimaii from north-east India had the highest haplotype and nucleotide diversity with all other populations having a subset of this diversity, likely as the result of range expansion from north-east India. The north-east Indian populations were genetically distinct from those in Bangladesh, Myanmar and Thailand, indicating that mountains, such as the Arakan mountain range between north-east India and Myanmar, are a significant barrier to gene flow. Within north-east India, there was no genetic differentiation among populations with the exception of the Central 2 population in the Barail hills area that was significantly differentiated from other populations.ConclusionsThe high genetic distinctiveness of the Central 2 population in the Barail hills area of the north-east India should be confirmed and its epidemiological significance further investigated. The lack of genetic population structure in the other north-east Indian populations likely reflects large population sizes of An. baimaii that, historically, were able to disperse through continuous forest habitats in the north-east India. Additional markers and analytical approaches are required to determine if recent deforestation is now preventing ongoing gene flow. Until such information is acquired, An. baimaii in north-east India should be treated as a single unit for the implementation of vector control measures.

【 授权许可】

Unknown   
© Sarma et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2012. This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.