Oral Health and nutritional status in nursing home residents—results of an explorative cross-sectional pilot study

BMC Geriatrics

Research Article

Christine Werner¹  Gerhard Schmalz²  Dirk Ziebolz²  Rainer Haak²  Jean-François Chenot³  Ina Nitschke⁴  Rainer F. Mausberg⁵ 

[1] Dental practice, Goettingen, Germany;Department of Cariology, Endodontology and Periodontology, University of Leipzig, Liebigstr. 12, D 04103, Leipzig, Germany;Department of General Practice, Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany;Department of Prosthodontics and Materials Science, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany;Clinic of Geriatric and Special Care Dentistry, Center of Dentistry, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland;Deptartment of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, University University Medical Center, Goettingen, Germany;

关键词: Oral health;    Nutritional status;    Nursing home;    Dementia;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12877-017-0429-0

 received in 2016-07-21, accepted in 2017-01-21,  发布年份 2017

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundThis study was performed to assess oral and nutritional status of nursing home residents in a region of Lower Saxony, Germany. The aim was to show potential associations between oral status (dentate or edentulous), further anamnestic factors (dementia, age, smoking) and the risk for malnutrition in this population.MethodsIn this observational cross-sectional pilot study of residents from four nursing homes Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), Body-Mass-Index (BMI), dental status (DMF-T) and periodontal situation (PSR®/PSI) were recorded. Associations of recorded factors with oral health and nutritional status were examined in univariate and multivariate analysis.ResultsEighty-seven residents participated in the study (mean age: 84.1 years; female: 72%, demented: 47%). Average BMI was 26.2 kg/m2; according MNA 52% were at risk for malnutrition. 48% of the residents were edentulous, and the average DMF-T of dentulous was 25.0 (3.7) (D-T: 2.0 [3.1], M-T: 15.0 [8.3], F-T: 8.0 [7.4]); PSR®/PSI 3 and 4 (need for periodontal treatment) showed 79% of residents. In univariate analysis dementia (OR 2.5 CI95 1.1–5.6) but not being edentulous (OR 2.0 CI95 0.8–5.8) were associated with being at risk for malnutrition. Dementia remained associated in multivariate analysis adjusting for age and sex, (OR 3.1 CI95 1.2–8.2) and additionally being edentulous (OR 2.8 CI95 1.1–7.3) became associated significantly. Furthermore, nursing home residents with dementia had more remaining teeth (OR 2.5 CI95 1.1–5.9).ConclusionDementia was a stronger predictor for risk of malnutrition in nursing home residents than being edentulous. Further studies to elucidate the possible role of oral health as cofactor for malnutrition in dementia are needed.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© The Author(s). 2017