Malaria surveillance in low-transmission areas of Zambia using reactive case detection

Malaria Journal

Case Study

Tokozile Ngwenya-Kangombe¹  Daniel J. Bridges¹  Zunda Chisha¹  Sanford Cheelo¹  David A. Larsen²  Benjamin Winters³  Anna M. Winters³  Clara Mbwili⁴  Allen S. Craig⁵  Mercie Mwanza⁶  Mulakwa Kamuliwo⁶  Moonga Hawela⁶  Jacob Chirwa⁶  Busiku Hamainza⁶  Chris Lungu⁷  John M. Miller⁷  Marie-Reine Rutagwera⁷ 

[1] Akros, Cresta Golfview Grounds, Great East Road, Lusaka, Zambia;Akros, Cresta Golfview Grounds, Great East Road, Lusaka, Zambia;Department of Public Health, Food Studies and Nutrition, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA;Akros, Cresta Golfview Grounds, Great East Road, Lusaka, Zambia;University of Montana School of Public and Community Health Sciences, Missoula, MT, USA;Lusaka Community District Medical Office, Ministry of Community Development Mother and Child Health, Government of the Republic of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia;Malaria Branch and US President’s Malaria Initiative (Currently Global Immunization Division), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA;National Malaria Control Centre, Ministry of Health, Government of the Republic of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia;PATH Malaria Control and Elimination Partnership in Africa (MACEPA), Lusaka, Zambia;

关键词: Malaria surveillance;    Reactive case detection;    Elimination;    Urban;    Rural;    Community health worker;    DHIS2;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12936-015-0895-9

 received in 2015-08-04, accepted in 2015-09-14,  发布年份 2015

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundRepeat national household surveys suggest highly variable malaria transmission and increasing coverage of high-impact malaria interventions throughout Zambia. Many areas of very low malaria transmission, especially across southern and central regions, are driving efforts towards sub-national elimination.Case descriptionReactive case detection (RCD) is conducted in Southern Province and urban areas of Lusaka in connection with confirmed incident malaria cases presenting to a community health worker (CHW) or clinic and suspected of being the result of local transmission. CHWs travel to the household of the incident malaria case and screen individuals living in adjacent houses in urban Lusaka and within 140 m in Southern Province for malaria infection using a rapid diagnostic test, treating those testing positive with artemether–lumefantrine.DiscussionReactive case detection improves access to health care and increases the capacity for the health system to identify malaria infections. The system is useful for targeting malaria interventions, and was instrumental for guiding focal indoor residual spraying in Lusaka during the 2014/2015 spray season. Variations to maximize impact of the current RCD protocol are being considered, including the use of anti-malarials with a longer lasting, post-treatment prophylaxis.ConclusionThe RCD system in Zambia is one example of a malaria elimination surveillance system which has increased access to health care within rural communities while leveraging community members to build malaria surveillance capacity.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© Larsen et al. 2015