Comparative phylogeography in the Atlantic forest and Brazilian savannas: pleistocene fluctuations and dispersal shape spatial patterns in two bumblebees

BMC Evolutionary Biology

Research Article

Ana Carolina Carnaval¹  Elaine Françoso²  Maria Cristina Arias²  Alexandre Rizzo Zuntini³ 

[1] Department of Biology, City College of New York, New York, USA;The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA;Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, 277, sala 320, 05508-090, São Paulo, SP, Brazil;Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 255, 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil;

关键词: Comparative phylogeography;    Bumblebee;    Brazil;    mtDNA;    Microsatellites;    Geographic distribution modeling;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12862-016-0803-0

 received in 2016-05-15, accepted in 2016-10-14,  发布年份 2016

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundBombus morio and B. pauloensis are sympatric widespread bumblebee species that occupy two major Brazilian biomes, the Atlantic forest and the savannas of the Cerrado. Differences in dispersion capacity, which is greater in B. morio, likely influence their phylogeographic patterns. This study asks which processes best explain the patterns of genetic variation observed in B. morio and B. pauloensis, shedding light on the phenomena that shaped the range of local populations and the spatial distribution of intra-specific lineages.ResultsResults suggest that Pleistocene climatic oscillations directly influenced the population structure of both species. Correlative species distribution models predict that the warmer conditions of the Last Interglacial contributed to population contraction, while demographic expansion happened during the Last Glacial Maximum. These results are consistent with physiological data suggesting that bumblebees are well adapted to colder conditions. Intra-specific mitochondrial genealogies are not congruent between the two species, which may be explained by their documented differences in dispersal ability.ConclusionsWhile populations of the high-dispersal B. morio are morphologically and genetically homogeneous across the species range, B. pauloensis encompasses multiple (three) mitochondrial lineages, and show clear genetic, geographic, and morphological differences. Because the lineages of B. pauloensis are currently exposed to distinct climatic conditions (and elevations), parapatric diversification may occur within this taxon. The eastern portion of the state of São Paulo, the most urbanized area in Brazil, represents the center of genetic diversity for B. pauloensis.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© The Author(s). 2016