Eave tubes for malaria control in Africa: prototyping and evaluation against Anopheles gambiae s.s. and Anopheles arabiensis under semi-field conditions in western Kenya

Malaria Journal

Research

Katey Glunt¹  Anne J. Osinga²  Marit Farenhorst²  Bart G. J. Knols³  Janneke Snetselaar⁴  Rob Andriessen⁵  Basilio N. Njiru⁶  Beatrice Gachie⁶  Phillip Owigo⁶  James Mutunga⁶ 

[1] Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics and Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, USA;In2Care BV, Marijkeweg 22, 6709 PG, Wageningen, The Netherlands;In2Care BV, Marijkeweg 22, 6709 PG, Wageningen, The Netherlands;Department of Environmental Science, Radboud University Nijmegen, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands;In2Care BV, Marijkeweg 22, 6709 PG, Wageningen, The Netherlands;London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel St., Bloomsbury, WC1E 7HT, London, UK;In2Care BV, Marijkeweg 22, 6709 PG, Wageningen, The Netherlands;Proti-Farm BV, Harderwijkerweg 141B, 3852 AB, Ermelo, The Netherlands;International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, Thomas Odhiambo Campus, 40305, Mbita Point, Kenya;

关键词: Eave tubes;    Semi-field system;    House improvement;    Kenya;    Anopheles gambiae;    Anopheles arabiensis;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12936-017-1926-5

 received in 2016-06-20, accepted in 2017-06-30,  发布年份 2017

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundWhilst significant progress has been made in the fight against malaria, vector control continues to rely on just two insecticidal methods, i.e., indoor residual spraying and insecticidal bed nets. House improvement shows great potential to complement these methods and may further reduce indoor mosquito biting and disease transmission. Open eaves serve as important mosquito house entry points and provide a suitable location for intercepting host-seeking anophelines. This study describes semi-field experiments in western Kenya with eave tubes, a household protection product that leverages the natural behaviour of host-seeking malaria mosquitoes.MethodsSemi-field experiments were conducted in two screen-houses. In both of these a typical western Kenyan house, with mud walls and corrugated iron sheet roofing, was built. Eave tubes with bendiocarb- or deltamethrin-treated eave tube inserts were installed in the houses, and the impact on house entry of local strains of Anopheles gambiae and Anopheles arabiensis was determined. Experiments with open eave tubes (no netting) were conducted as a control and to determine house entry through eave tubes. Insecticidal activity of the inserts treated with insecticide was examined using standard 3-min exposure bioassays.ResultsExperiments with open eave tubes showed that a high percentage of released mosquitoes entered the house through tubes during experimental nights. When tubes were fitted with bendiocarb- or deltamethrin-treated inserts, on average 21% [95% CI 18–25%] and 39% [CI 26–51%] of An. gambiae s.s. were recaptured the following morning, respectively. This contrasts with 71% [CI 60–81%] in the treatment with open eaves and 54% [CI 47–61%] in the treatment where inserts were treated with fluorescent dye powder. For An. arabiensis recapture was 21% [CI 14–27%] and 22% [CI 18–25%], respectively, compared to 46% [CI 40–52%] and 25% [CI 15–35%] in the treatments with open tubes and fluorescent dye.ConclusionsInsecticide-treated eave tubes resulted in significant reductions in recapture rates for both malaria vector species, representing the first and promising results with this novel control tool against Kenyan malaria vectors. Further field evaluation of eave tubes under more realistic field conditions, as well as their comparison with existing approaches in terms of cost-effectiveness and community acceptance, is called for.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© The Author(s) 2017