Physical activity in the prevention of human diseases: role of epigenetic modifications

BMC Genomics

Review

Ivan Dimauro¹  Elisa Grazioli¹  Neri Mercatelli¹  Daniela Caporossi¹  Yannis Pitsiladis²  Luigi Di Luigi³  Guan Wang⁴ 

[1] Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, Unit of Biology, Genetics and Biochemistry, University of Rome “Foro Italico”, Rome, Italy;Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, Unit of Biology, Genetics and Biochemistry, University of Rome “Foro Italico”, Rome, Italy;FIMS Reference Collaborating Centre of Sports Medicine for Anti-Doping Research, University of Brighton, Brighton, UK;Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, Unit of Endocrinology, University of Rome “Foro Italico”, Rome, Italy;FIMS Reference Collaborating Centre of Sports Medicine for Anti-Doping Research, University of Brighton, Brighton, UK;

关键词: DNA methylation;    Histone modification;    Exercise;    Disease prevention;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12864-017-4193-5

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

Epigenetic modification refers to heritable changes in gene function that cannot be explained by alterations in the DNA sequence. The current literature clearly demonstrates that the epigenetic response is highly dynamic and influenced by different biological and environmental factors such as aging, nutrient availability and physical exercise. As such, it is well accepted that physical activity and exercise can modulate gene expression through epigenetic alternations although the type and duration of exercise eliciting specific epigenetic effects that can result in health benefits and prevent chronic diseases remains to be determined. This review highlights the most significant findings from epigenetic studies involving physical activity/exercise interventions known to benefit chronic diseases such as metabolic syndrome, diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© The Author(s). 2017