Plasmodium falciparum parasitaemia in the first half of pregnancy, uterine and umbilical artery blood flow, and foetal growth: a longitudinal Doppler ultrasound study

Malaria Journal

Research

Amy H Herring¹  Steven R Meshnick²  Jennifer B Griffin²  Stephen J Rogerson³  John M Thorp⁴  Victor Lokomba⁵  Antoinette K Tshefu⁵  Sarah H Landis⁶ 

[1] Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, 27599, Chapel Hill, USA;Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Campus Box 7435, McGavran-Greenberg Hall, 27599-7435, Chapel Hill, USA;Department of Medicine (RMH/WH), The University of Melbourne, Royal Melbourne Hospital, 3050, Parkville, Australia;Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of North Carolina, 27599, Chapel Hill, USA;Ecole de Santé Publique, Faculté de Medecine, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Republique Démocratique du Congo;Oncology Research and Development, GlaxoSmithKline, TW8 9GS, Middlesex, UK;

关键词: Doppler;    Malaria parasitaemia;    Placenta;    Pregnancy;    Umbilical artery;    Uterine artery;    Foetal growth;   

DOI  :  10.1186/1475-2875-11-319

 received in 2012-05-08, accepted in 2012-09-05,  发布年份 2012

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundDuring early pregnancy, the placenta develops to meet the metabolic demands of the foetus. The objective of this analysis was to examine the effect of malaria parasitaemia prior to 20 weeks’ gestation on subsequent changes in uterine and umbilical artery blood flow and intrauterine growth restriction.MethodsData were analysed from 548 antenatal visits after 20 weeks’ gestation of 128 women, which included foetal biometric measures and interrogation of uterine and umbilical artery blood flow. Linear mixed effect models estimated the effect of early pregnancy malaria parasitaemia on uterine and umbilical artery resistance indices. Log-binomial models with generalized estimating equations estimated the effect of early pregnancy malaria parasitaemia on the risk of intrauterine growth restriction.ResultsThere were differential effects of early pregnancy malaria parasitaemia on uterine artery resistance by nutritional status, with decreased uterine artery resistance among nourished women with early pregnancy malaria and increased uterine artery resistance among undernourished women with early pregnancy malaria. Among primigravidae, early pregnancy malaria parasitaemia decreased umbilical artery resistance in the late third trimester, likely reflecting adaptive villous angiogenesis. In fully adjusted models, primigravidae with early pregnancy malaria parasitaemia had 3.6 times the risk of subsequent intrauterine growth restriction (95% CI: 2.1, 6.2) compared to the referent group of multigravidae with no early pregnancy malaria parasitaemia.ConclusionsEarly pregnancy malaria parasitaemia affects uterine and umbilical artery blood flow, possibly due to alterations in placentation and angiogenesis, respectively. Among primigravidae, early pregnancy malaria parasitaemia increases the risk of intrauterine growth restriction. The findings support the initiation of malaria parasitaemia prevention and control efforts earlier in pregnancy.

【 授权许可】

Unknown   
© Griffin et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2012. This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.