Causes of death in Vanuatu

Population Health Metrics

Research

Jeffrey Tila Langati¹  Griffith Harrison¹  Alan D. Lopez²  Lester Dingley³  Viran Tovu³  Chalapati Rao⁴  Andy Calo⁵  Richard Taylor⁶  Karen Carter⁷  Michael Buttsworth⁸ 

[1] Formerly, Ministry of Health (MoH), Port Vila, Vanuatu;Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Melbourne, Australia;Ministry of Health (MoH), Port Vila, Vanuatu;National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Research School of Population Health, Australian National University (ANU), Acton, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory (ACT) 2601, Australia;School of Population Health (SPH), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Queensland (UQ), St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia;National Statistics Office, Port Vila, Vanuatu;School of Public Health and Community Medicine (SPHCM), University of New South Wales (UNSW), Randwick, New South Wales (NSW) 2052, Sydney, Australia;Secretariat of the Pacific Community (SPC), B.P. D5, Cedex 98848, Nouméa, New Caledonia;School of Population Health (SPH), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Queensland (UQ), St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia;World Health Organisation, Vanuatu office, Port Vila, Vanuatu;

关键词: Vanuatu;    Cause of death;    Maternal mortality;    Child deaths;    Adult deaths;    Infection;    Non-communicable disease;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12963-016-0074-4

 received in 2015-07-30, accepted in 2016-02-26,  发布年份 2016

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundThe population of the Pacific Melanesian country of Vanuatu was 234,000 at the 2009 census. Apart from subsistence activities, economic activity includes tourism and agriculture. Current completeness of vital registration is considered too low to be usable for national statistics; mortality and life expectancy (LE) are derived from indirect demographic estimates from censuses/surveys. Some cause of death (CoD) data are available to provide information on major causes of premature death.MethodsDeaths 2001–2007 were coded for cause (ICDv10) for ages 0–59 years from: hospital separations (HS) (n = 636), hospital medical certificates (MC) of death (n = 1,169), and monthly reports from community health facilities (CHF) (n = 1,212). Ill-defined causes were 3 % for hospital deaths and 20 % from CHF. Proportional mortality was calculated by cause (excluding ill-defined) and age group (0–4, 5–14 years), and also by sex for 15–59 years. From total deaths by broad age group and sex from 1999 and 2009 census analyses, community deaths were estimated by deduction of hospital deaths MC. National proportional mortality by cause was estimated by a weighted average of MC and CHF deaths.ResultsNational estimates indicate main causes of deaths <5 years were: perinatal disorders (45 %) and malaria, diarrhea, and pneumonia (27 %). For 15–59 years, main causes of male deaths were: circulatory disease 27 %, neoplasms 13 %, injury 13 %, liver disease 10 %, infection 10 %, diabetes 7 %, and chronic respiratory disease 7 %; and for females: neoplasms 29 %, circulatory disease 15 %, diabetes 10 %, infection 9 %, and maternal deaths 8 %. Infection included tuberculosis, malaria, and viral hepatitis. Liver disease (including hepatitis and cancer) accounted for 18 % of deaths in adult males and 9 % in females. Non-communicable disease (NCD), including circulatory disease, diabetes, neoplasm, and chronic respiratory disease, accounted for 52 % of premature deaths in adult males and 60 % in females. Injuries accounted for 13 % in adult males and 6 % in females. Maternal deaths translate into an annual maternal mortality ratio of 130/100,000 for the period.ConclusionVanuatu manifests a double burden of disease with significant proportional mortality from perinatal disorders and infection/pneumonia <5 years and maternal mortality, coupled with significant proportional mortality in adults (15–59 years) from cardiovascular disease (CVD), neoplasms, and diabetes.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© Carter et al. 2016