Compliance with a three-day course of artesunate-mefloquine combination and baseline anti-malarial treatment in an area of Thailand with highly multidrug resistant falciparum malaria

Malaria Journal

Research

Pongwit Bualombai¹  Kanungnit Congpuong¹  Vick Banmairuroi²  Kesara Na-Bangchang² 

[1] Bureau of Vector Borne Disease, Department of Disease Control, Ministry of Public Health, Muang District, Nonthaburi, Thailand;Graduate Programme in Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Thammasat University (Rangsit Campus), Paholyothin Road, Klong Luang District, 12121, Pathumtanee, Thailand;

关键词: Malaria;    Mefloquine;    Falciparum Malaria;    Artesunate;    Vivax Malaria;   

DOI  :  10.1186/1475-2875-9-43

 received in 2009-09-26, accepted in 2010-02-04,  发布年份 2010

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundArtemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) is presently recommended by the World Health Organization as first-line treatment for uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in several countries, as a mean of prolonging the effectiveness of first-line malaria treatment regimens. A three-day course of artesunate-mefloquine (4 mg/kg body weight once daily for three consecutive days, plus 15 and 10 mg/kg body weight mefloquine on the first and second days) has been adopted by Malaria Control Programme of Thailand as first-line treatment for uncomplicated falciparum malaria all over the country since 2008. The gametocytocydal anti-malarial drug primaquine is administered at the dose of 30 mg (0.6 mg/kg) on the last day. The aim of the present study was to assess patient compliance of this combination regimen when applied to field condition.MethodsA total of 240 patients (196 males and 44 females) who were attending the malaria clinics in Mae-Sot, Tak Province and presenting with symptomatic acute uncomplicated falciparum malaria, with no reappearance of Plasmodium vivax parasitaemia during follow-up were included into the study. The first dose of the treatment was given to the patients under direct supervision. All patients were given the medication for self-treatment at home and were requested to come back for follow-up on day 3 of the initial treatment. Baseline (day 0) and day 3 whole blood mefloquine and plasma primaquine concentrations were determined by high performance liquid chromatography.ResultsTwo patients had recrudescence on days 28 and 35. The Kaplan-Meier estimate of the 42-day efficacy rate of this combination regimen was 99.2% (238/240). Based on whole blood mefloquine and plasma primaquine concentrations on day 3 of the initial treatment, compliance with mefloquine and primaquine in this three-day artesunate-mefloquine combination regimen were 96.3% (207/215), and 98.5% (197/200), respectively. Baseline mefloquine and primaquine levels were observed in 24 and 16% of the patients.ConclusionThe current first-line treatment and a three-day combination regimen of artesunate-mefloquine provides excellent patient compliance with good efficacy and tolerability in the treatment of highly multidrug resistance falciparum malaria. Previous treatment with mefloquine and primaquine were common in this area.

【 授权许可】

Unknown   
© Congpuong et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2010. This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.