Cross-national epidemiology of DSM-IV major depressive episode

BMC Medicine

Research Article

Evelyn Bromet¹  Laura Helena Andrade² 

[1] Department of Psychiatry, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Putnam Hall - South Campus, 11794-8790, Stony Brook, NY, USA;Section of Psychiatric Epidemiology - LIM 23, Institute of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo Medical School, Sãu Paulo, Brazil;

关键词: Prevalence Estimate;    Major Depressive Episode;    Composite International Diagnostic Interview;    World Mental Health;    World Mental Health Survey;   

DOI  :  10.1186/1741-7015-9-90

 received in 2011-06-09, accepted in 2011-07-26,  发布年份 2011

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundMajor depression is one of the leading causes of disability worldwide, yet epidemiologic data are not available for many countries, particularly low- to middle-income countries. In this paper, we present data on the prevalence, impairment and demographic correlates of depression from 18 high and low- to middle-income countries in the World Mental Health Survey Initiative.MethodsMajor depressive episodes (MDE) as defined by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition (DMS-IV) were evaluated in face-to-face interviews using the World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI). Data from 18 countries were analyzed in this report (n = 89,037). All countries surveyed representative, population-based samples of adults.ResultsThe average lifetime and 12-month prevalence estimates of DSM-IV MDE were 14.6% and 5.5% in the ten high-income and 11.1% and 5.9% in the eight low- to middle-income countries. The average age of onset ascertained retrospectively was 25.7 in the high-income and 24.0 in low- to middle-income countries. Functional impairment was associated with recency of MDE. The female: male ratio was about 2:1. In high-income countries, younger age was associated with higher 12-month prevalence; by contrast, in several low- to middle-income countries, older age was associated with greater likelihood of MDE. The strongest demographic correlate in high-income countries was being separated from a partner, and in low- to middle-income countries, was being divorced or widowed.ConclusionsMDE is a significant public-health concern across all regions of the world and is strongly linked to social conditions. Future research is needed to investigate the combination of demographic risk factors that are most strongly associated with MDE in the specific countries included in the WMH.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© Bromet et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2011