Obesity and type 2 diabetes in sub-Saharan Africans – Is the burden in today’s Africa similar to African migrants in Europe? The RODAM study

BMC Medicine

Research Article

Adebowale Adeyemo¹  Jan van Straalen²  Peter Henneman³  Joachim Spranger⁴  Matthias B. Schulze⁵  Cecilia Galbete⁵  Ina Danquah⁵  Juliet Addo⁶  Liam Smeeth⁶  Erik Beune⁷  Mary Nicolaou⁷  Karlijn Meeks⁷  Karien Stronks⁷  Charles Agyemang⁷  Frank P. Mockenhaupt⁸  Stephen K. Amoah⁹  Kerstin Klipstein-Grobusch^1,10  Silver Bahendeka^1,11  Ama de Graft Aikins^1,12  Peter Agyei-Baffour^1,13  Ellis Owusu-Dabo^1,13  Tom Burr^1,14 

[1] Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, 12 South Drive, MSC 5635, Bethesda, MD, USA;Department of Clinical Chemistry, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;Department of Clinical Genetics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin; Center for Cardiovascular Research (CCR), Charite Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany;Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558, Nuthetal, Germany;Department of Non-communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK;Department of Public Health, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105, Amsterdam, AZ, The Netherlands;Institute of Tropical Medicine and International Health, Charité – University Medicine Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany;Institute of Tropical Medicine and International Health, Charité – University Medicine Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany;ResearchGate, Invalidenstrasse 115, D-10115, Berlin, Germany;Julius Global Health, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands;Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa;MKPGMS-Uganda Martyrs University, Kampala, Uganda;Regional Institute for Population Studies, University of Ghana, P.O. Box LG 96, Legon, Ghana;School of Public Health, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana;Source BioScience, Nottingham, UK;

关键词: Obesity;    Type 2 diabetes;    Migrants;    Ethnic minority groups;    Europe;    Sub-Saharan Africa;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12916-016-0709-0

 received in 2016-07-12, accepted in 2016-10-01,  发布年份 2016

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundRising rates of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are impending major threats to the health of African populations, but the extent to which they differ between rural and urban settings in Africa and upon migration to Europe is unknown. We assessed the burden of obesity and T2D among Ghanaians living in rural and urban Ghana and Ghanaian migrants living in different European countries.MethodsA multi-centre cross-sectional study was conducted among Ghanaian adults (n = 5659) aged 25–70 years residing in rural and urban Ghana and three European cities (Amsterdam, London and Berlin). Comparisons between groups were made using prevalence ratios (PRs) with adjustments for age and education.ResultsIn rural Ghana, the prevalence of obesity was 1.3 % in men and 8.3 % in women. The prevalence was considerably higher in urban Ghana (men, 6.9 %; PR: 5.26, 95 % CI, 2.04–13.57; women, 33.9 %; PR: 4.11, 3.13–5.40) and even more so in Europe, especially in London (men, 21.4 %; PR: 15.04, 5.98–37.84; women, 54.2 %; PR: 6.63, 5.04–8.72). The prevalence of T2D was low at 3.6 % and 5.5 % in rural Ghanaian men and women, and increased in urban Ghanaians (men, 10.3 %; PR: 3.06; 1.73–5.40; women, 9.2 %; PR: 1.81, 1.25–2.64) and highest in Berlin (men, 15.3 %; PR: 4.47; 2.50–7.98; women, 10.2 %; PR: 2.21, 1.30–3.75). Impaired fasting glycaemia prevalence was comparatively higher only in Amsterdam, and in London, men compared with rural Ghana.ConclusionOur study shows high risks of obesity and T2D among sub-Saharan African populations living in Europe. In Ghana, similarly high prevalence rates were seen in an urban environment, whereas in rural areas, the prevalence of obesity among women is already remarkable. Similar processes underlying the high burden of obesity and T2D following migration may also be at play in sub-Saharan Africa as a consequence of urbanisation.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© The Author(s). 2016