Differential association of lead on length by zinc status in two-year old Mexican children

Environmental Health

Research

Howard Hu¹  Adrienne S. Ettinger²  Karen E. Peterson³  Lourdes Schnaas⁴  Mauricio Hernández-Ávila⁵  Martha M. Téllez-Rojo⁶  Alejandra Cantoral⁶  Teresa Shamah Levy⁶ 

[1] Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 155 College St, 6th floor, M5T 3M7, Toronto, ON, Canada;Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, 1415 Washington Heights, 48104, Ann Arbor, MI, USA;Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, 1415 Washington Heights, 48104, Ann Arbor, MI, USA;Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, 1415 Washington Heights, 48104, Ann Arbor, MI, USA;Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, 02215, Boston, MA, USA;National Institute of Perinatology, Monte Urales Sur 800, Lomas Virreyes, C.P. 11000, Mexico City, Mexico;National Institute of Public Health, Universidad No. 655, Colonia Santa María Ahuacatitlán, Cerrada Los Pinos y Caminera, C.P. 62100, Cuernavaca, Mor, Mexico;Research Center for Nutrition and Health, National Institute of Public Health, Universidad No. 655 Colonia Santa María Ahuacatitlán, Cerrada Los Pinos y Caminera, C.P. 62100, Cuernavaca, Mor, Mexico;

关键词: Children;    Lead;    Length-for-age;    Stature;    Zinc status;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12940-015-0086-8

 received in 2015-09-14, accepted in 2015-12-22,  发布年份 2015

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundBlood lead levels have decreased in Mexico since leaded fuel was banned in 1997, but other sources remain, including the use of lead-glazed ceramics for food storage and preparation. Zinc deficiency is present in almost 30 % of children aged 1–2 years. Previous studies have documented negative associations of both lead exposure and zinc deficiency with stature, but have not considered the joint effects. Given that the prevalence of stunting in pre-school aged children was 13.6 % in 2012, the aim of this study was to evaluate if the relationship between blood lead and child stature was modified by zinc status.MethodsAnthropometry, dietary energy intake, serum zinc and blood lead were measured in 291 children aged 24 months from an ongoing birth cohort study in Mexico City. Child stature was represented by recumbent length as appropriate for this age group. The association between blood lead (BPb) and length-for-age Z score (LAZ) was evaluated using a model stratified by zinc status measured by standard criteria and adjusted for: birth length, breastfeeding practices, energy intake, maternal height and education.ResultsMedian (IQR) BPb was: 0.17 (0.12–0.26) μmol/L and 17 % of the sample had zinc deficiency (<9.9 μmol/L). BPb was inversely associated with LAZ in the overall sample (β = −0.19, p = 0.02). In stratified models, this negative association was more than three times higher and statistically significant only in the zinc deficient group (β = −0.43, p = 0.04) compared to the zinc replete group (β = −0.12, p = 0.22) (BPb*zinc status, p-for-interaction = 0.04).ConclusionsZinc adequacy is a key factor that may attenuate the negative association of lead on stature in young children.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© Cantoral et al. 2015