LEADER 5: prevalence and cardiometabolic impact of obesity in cardiovascular high-risk patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: baseline global data from the LEADER trial

Cardiovascular Diabetology

Original Investigation

L. van Gaal¹  M. Eriksson²  A. Comlekci³  I. Raz⁴  S. P. Marso⁵  L. A. Leiter⁶  J. Vidal⁷  L. Masmiquel⁸  J. Petrie⁹  S. Bain^1,10  E. Franek^1,11  F. M. M. Baeres^1,12  S. Jacob^1,13 

[1] Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Antwerp, Belgium;Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden;Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Inciralti, Izmir, Turkey;Diabetes Unit, Internal Medicine Division, Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel;Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA;Divisions of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute and Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada;Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínic, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain;Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Son Llàtzer, University Institute of Health Science Research (IUNICS-IdISPa), Universitat de les Illes Balears, Palma, Majorca, Spain;Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Science, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK;Institute of Life Science, Swansea University, Swansea, UK;Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences and Central Clinical Hospital MSW, Warsaw, Poland;Novo Nordisk, Copenhagen, Denmark;Praxis für Prävention und Therapie, Kardio Metabolischen Instituts, Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany;

关键词: Liraglutide;    Cardiovascular;    Type 2 diabetes;    LEADER;    Cardiometabolic;    Obesity;    Overweight;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12933-016-0341-5

 received in 2015-11-03, accepted in 2016-01-22,  发布年份 2016

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundEpidemiological data on obesity are needed, particularly in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and high cardiovascular (CV) risk. We used the baseline data of liraglutide effect and action in diabetes: evaluation of CV outcome results—A long term Evaluation (LEADER) (a clinical trial to assess the CV safety of liraglutide) to investigate: (i) prevalence of overweight and obesity; (ii) relationship of the major cardiometabolic risk factors with anthropometric measures of adiposity [body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC)]; and (iii) cardiometabolic treatment intensity in relation to BMI and WC.MethodsLEADER enrolled two distinct populations of high-risk patients with T2DM in 32 countries: (1) aged ≥50 years with prior CV disease; (2) aged ≥60 years with one or more CV risk factors. Associations of metabolic variables, demographic variables and treatment intensity with anthropometric measurements (BMI and WC) were explored using regression models (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01179048).ResultsMean BMI was 32.5 ± 6.3 kg/m2 and only 9.1 % had BMI <25 kg/m2. The prevalence of healthy WC was also extremely low (6.4 % according to International Joint Interim Statement for the Harmonization of the Metabolic Syndrome criteria). Obesity was associated with being younger, female, previous smoker, Caucasian, American, with shorter diabetes duration, uncontrolled blood pressure (BP), antihypertensive agents, insulin plus oral antihyperglycaemic treatment, higher levels of triglycerides and lower levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.ConclusionsOverweight and obesity are prevalent in high CV risk patients with T2DM. BMI and WC are related to the major cardiometabolic risk factors. Furthermore, treatment intensity, such as insulin, statins or oral antihypertensive drugs, is higher in those who are overweight or obese; while BP and lipid control in these patients are remarkably suboptimal. LEADER confers a unique opportunity to explore the longitudinal effect of weight on CV risk factors and hard endpoints.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© Masmiquel et al. 2016