Road traffic noise and registry based use of sleep medication

Environmental Health

Research

Per Nafstad¹  Jorunn Evandt²  Bente Oftedal²  Per E. Schwarze²  Gunn Marit Aasvang²  Norun Hjertager Krog²  Eva Skovlund³  Svetlana Skurtveit⁴  Danny Houthuijs⁵ 

[1] Department of Community Medicine and Global Health, University of Oslo, Faculty of Medicine, P.O. Box N-1130 Blindern, 0318, Oslo, Norway;Division of Mental and Physical Health, Department of Noncommunicable Diseases, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, P.O. Box 4404 Nydalen, N-0403, Oslo, Norway;Division of Infection Control and Environmental Health, Department of Air Pollution and Noise, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, P.O. Box 4404 Nydalen, N-0403, Oslo, Norway;Division of Mental and Physical Health, Department of Mental Disorders, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, P.O. Box 4404 Nydalen, N-0403, Oslo, Norway;Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, P.O. Box 8905, N-7491, Trondheim, Norway;Division of Mental and Physical Health, Department of Mental Disorders, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, P.O. Box 4404 Nydalen, N-0403, Oslo, Norway;Norwegian Centre for Addiction Research (SERAF), University of Oslo, P.O. Box N-1039 Blindern, 0315, Oslo, Norway;The Dutch National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), P.O. Box 1, 3720, Bilthoven, BA, the Netherlands;

关键词: Traffic noise;    Prescription registry;    Sleep medication;    Hypnotics;    Sleep;    Insomnia;    Directed acyclic graph, Population-based study.;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12940-017-0330-5

 received in 2017-05-03, accepted in 2017-10-12,  发布年份 2017

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundRoad traffic noise has been associated with adverse health effects including sleep disturbances. Use of sleep medication as an indicator of sleeping problems has rarely been explored in studies of the effects of traffic noise. Furthermore, using registry data on sleep medications provides an opportunity to study the effects of noise on sleep where attribution of sleep problems to noise is not possible.MethodsWe used questionnaire data from the population-based study Health and Environment in Oslo (HELMILO) (2009–10) (n = 13,019). Individual data on sleep medications was obtained from the Norwegian Prescription Database (NorPD). Noise levels (Lnight) were modeled for the most exposed façade of the building at each participant’s home address. Logistic regression models adjusted for potential confounders were used to analyze the association between traffic noise and sleep medication use both for one whole year and for the summer season. The results were reported as changes in the effect estimate per 5 decibel (dB) increase in noise level.ResultsWe observed no association between traffic noise and sleep medication use during one year [odds ratio (OR) = 1.00; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.96, 1.04]. For sleep medication use in the summer season, there was a positive, however non-significant association (OR = 1.04; 95% CI: 0.99, 1.10). Among individuals sleeping with the bedroom window open, the association increased slightly and was borderline statistically significant (OR = 1.06; 95% CI: 1.00, 1.12).ConclusionsWe found no evidence of an association between traffic noise and sleep medication use during one year. However, for the summer season, there was some suggestive evidence of an association. These findings indicate that season may play a role in the association between traffic noise and sleep, possibly because indoor traffic noise levels are likely to be higher during summer due to more frequent window opening. More studies are, however, necessary in order to confirm this.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© The Author(s). 2017