High heterogeneity of malaria transmission and a large sub-patent and diverse reservoir of infection in Wusab As Safil district, Republic of Yemen

Malaria Journal

Research

Samira Al-Eryani¹  Chris Drakeley²  Lynn Grignard²  Alison Rand²  Abraham Mnzava³  Immo Kleinschmidt⁴  Jackie Cook⁴  Mustafa Al-Selwei⁵  Hafed Al-Yarie⁵ 

[1] Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sana’a University, Sana’a, Yemen;Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK;Global Malaria Programme, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland;MRC Tropical Epidemiology Group, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK;Malaria Control Programme, Ministry of Public Health and Population, Sana’a, Yemen;

关键词: Malaria transmission;    Molecular;    Heterogeneity;    PCR;    Heterozygosity;    Multiplicity of infection;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12936-016-1249-y

 received in 2016-02-27, accepted in 2016-03-30,  发布年份 2016

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundYemen remains the country with the highest malaria transmission within the Arabian Peninsula and a source of imported cases to neighbouring countries.MethodsThis study collected samples from individuals resident in a valley in Western Yemen as a baseline to examine infection prevalence for a future trial. As well as rapid diagnostic test (RDT) and microscopy, a filter paper blood spot was collected for molecular and serological analyses.ResultsSamples were collected from 2261 individuals from 12 clusters across a study area of approximately 100 km2. Plasmodium falciparum infection prevalence was 12.4, 11.1 and 19.6 % by RDT, microscopy and polymerase chain reaction (PCR), respectively. RDT and microscopy did not detect 45 % of infections present, suggesting many infections were low-density. Infection prevalence and seroprevalence were highly heterogeneous between clusters, with evidence of higher exposure in clusters close to the wadi. The mean multiplicity of infection (MOI) was 2.3 and high heterozygosity and allelic richness were detected.ConclusionsThis highly diverse parasite population suggests a high degree of transmissibility and coupled with the substantial proportion of low-density infections, may pose challenges for malaria control and elimination efforts.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© Cook et al. 2016