Fine-tuning the space, time, and host distribution of mycobacteria in wildlife

BMC Microbiology

Research Article

Pelayo Acevedo¹  Maria J Torres²  Javier Aznar²  Juan J Negro³  Christian Gortazar⁴  Jose de la Fuente⁵  Joaquín Vicente⁶ 

[1] Biogeography, Diversity, and Conservation Research Team, Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Malaga, E-29071, Málaga, Spain;Departamento de Microbiología, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain;Department of Evolutionary Ecology, Estación Biológica Doñana, CSIC, Sevilla, Spain;IREC National Wildlife Research Institute (CSIC-UCLM-JCCM), Ciudad Real, Spain;IREC National Wildlife Research Institute (CSIC-UCLM-JCCM), Ciudad Real, Spain;Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA;IREC National Wildlife Research Institute (CSIC-UCLM-JCCM), Ciudad Real, Spain;Servicio de Microbiología, HH UU Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, Spain;

关键词: Host Species;    Wild Boar;    Fallow Deer;    Wild Ungulate;    Environmental Mycobacterium;   

DOI  :  10.1186/1471-2180-11-27

 received in 2010-02-04, accepted in 2011-02-02,  发布年份 2011

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundWe describe the diversity of two kinds of mycobacteria isolates, environmental mycobacteria and Mycobacterium bovis collected from wild boar, fallow deer, red deer and cattle in Doñana National Park (DNP, Spain), analyzing their association with temporal, spatial and environmental factors.ResultsHigh diversity of environmental mycobacteria species and M. bovis typing patterns (TPs) were found. When assessing the factors underlying the presence of the most common types of both environmental mycobacteria and M. bovis TPs in DNP, we evidenced (i) host species differences in the occurrence, (ii) spatial structuration and (iii) differences in the degree of spatial association of specific types between host species. Co-infection of a single host by two M. bovis TPs occurred in all three wild ungulate species. In wild boar and red deer, isolation of one group of mycobacteria occurred more frequently in individuals not infected by the other group. While only three TPs were detected in wildlife between 1998 and 2003, up to 8 different ones were found during 2006-2007. The opposite was observed in cattle. Belonging to an M. bovis-infected social group was a significant risk factor for mycobacterial infection in red deer and wild boar, but not for fallow deer. M. bovis TPs were usually found closer to water marshland than MOTT.ConclusionsThe diversity of mycobacteria described herein is indicative of multiple introduction events and a complex multi-host and multi-pathogen epidemiology in DNP. Significant changes in the mycobacterial isolate community may have taken place, even in a short time period (1998 to 2007). Aspects of host social organization should be taken into account in wildlife epidemiology. Wildlife in DNP is frequently exposed to different species of non-tuberculous, environmental mycobacteria, which could interact with the immune response to pathogenic mycobacteria, although the effects are unknown. This research highlights the suitability of molecular typing for surveys at small spatial and temporal scales.

【 授权许可】

Unknown   
© Gortazar et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2011. This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.