A systematic review and meta-analysis of trypanosome prevalence in tsetse flies

BMC Veterinary Research

Research Article

Merga Bekana¹  Reta D. Abdi²  Luc Duchateau³  Thomas Van Leeuwen⁴  Vincent Delespaux⁵  Getahun E. Agga⁶  Weldegebrial G. Aregawi⁷ 

[1] Department of Clinical studies, College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University, Bishoftu, Oromia, Ethiopia;Department of Clinical studies, College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University, Bishoftu, Oromia, Ethiopia;Department of Animal Science, Institute of Agriculture, University of Tennessee, 2506 River Drive, Knoxville, USA;Department of Comparative Physiology and Biometrics, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Gent University, Ghent, Belgium;Department of Crop Protection, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Gent University, Ghent, Belgium;Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium;U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Food Animal Environmental Systems Research Unit, Bowling Green, Kentucky, USA;Werer Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Afar, Ethiopia;

关键词: Meta-regression;    Systematic review;    Glossina;    Trypanosome infection prevalence;    Diagnostic methods;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12917-017-1012-9

 received in 2016-08-30, accepted in 2017-03-30,  发布年份 2017

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundThe optimisation of trypanosomosis control programs warrants a good knowledge of the main vector of animal and human trypanosomes in sub-Saharan Africa, the tsetse fly. An important aspect of the tsetse fly population is its trypanosome infection prevalence, as it determines the intensity of the transmission of the parasite by the vector. We therefore conducted a systematic review of published studies documenting trypanosome infection prevalence from field surveys or from laboratory experiments under controlled conditions. Publications were screened in the Web of Science, PubMed and Google Scholar databases. Using the four-stage (identification, screening, eligibility and inclusion) process in the PRISMA statement the initial screened total of 605 studies were reduced to 72 studies. The microscopic examination of dissected flies (dissection method) remains the most used method to detect trypanosomes and thus constituted the main focus of this analysis. Meta-regression was performed to identify factors responsible for high trypanosome prevalence in the vectors and a random effects meta-analysis was used to report the sensitivity of molecular and serological tests using the dissection method as gold standard.ResultsThe overall pooled prevalence was 10.3% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 8.1%, 12.4%) and 31.0% (95% CI = 20.0%, 42.0%) for the field survey and laboratory experiment data respectively. The country and the year of publication were found to be significantly factors associated with the prevalence of trypanosome infection in tsetse flies. The alternative diagnostic tools applied to dissection positive samples were characterised by low sensitivity, and no information on the specificity was available at all.ConclusionBoth temporal and spatial variation in trypanosome infection prevalence of field collected tsetse flies exists, but further investigation on real risk factors is needed how this variation can be explained. Improving the sensitivity and determining the specificity of these alternative diagnostic tools should be a priority and will allow to estimate the prevalence of trypanosome infection in tsetse flies in high-throughput.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© The Author(s). 2017