Effects of supplementation with milk protein on glycemic parameters: a GRADE-assessed systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis

Nutrition Journal

Review

Omid Asbaghi¹  Fatemeh Jahangir Koozehkanani²  Hossein Bagherzadeh Garmjani³  Niusha Amirani⁴  Kian Goudarzi⁵  Sina Dolatshahi⁵  Hossein Salehi Omran⁵  Damoon Ashtary-Larky⁶  Shooka Mohammadi⁷ 

[1] Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;Department of Nutrition, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran;Faculty of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran;Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran;Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;

关键词: Glycemic indices;    High blood glucose (HBG);    Hyperglycemia;    Milk protein;    Whey protein;    Casein protein;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12937-023-00878-1

 received in 2023-04-24, accepted in 2023-09-25,  发布年份 2023

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundIt is suggested that supplementation with milk protein (MP) has the potential to ameliorate the glycemic profile; however, the exact impact and certainty of the findings have yet to be evaluated. This systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessed the impact of MP supplementation on the glycemic parameters in adults.MethodsA systematic search was carried out among online databases to determine eligible RCTs published up to November 2022. A random-effects model was performed for the meta-analysis.ResultsA total of 36 RCTs with 1851 participants were included in the pooled analysis. It was displayed that supplementation with MP effectively reduced levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG) (weighted mean difference (WMD): -1.83 mg/dL, 95% CI: -3.28, -0.38; P = 0.013), fasting insulin (WMD: -1.06 uU/mL, 95% CI: -1.76, -0.36; P = 0.003), and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (WMD: -0.27, 95% CI: -0.40, -0.14; P < 0.001) while making no remarkable changes in serum hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) values (WMD: 0.01%, 95% CI: -0.14, 0.16; P = 0.891). However, there was a significant decline in serum levels of HbA1c among participants with normal baseline body mass index (BMI) based on sub-group analyses. In addition, HOMA-IR values were significantly lower in the MP supplement-treated group than their untreated counterparts in short- and long-term supplementation (≤ 8 and > 8 weeks) with high or moderate doses (≥ 60 or 30–60 g/d) of MP or whey protein (WP). Serum FBG levels were considerably reduced upon short-term administration of a low daily dose of WP (< 30 g). Furthermore, the levels of serum fasting insulin were remarkably decreased during long-term supplementation with high or moderate daily doses of WP.ConclusionThe findings of this study suggest that supplementation with MP may improve glycemic control in adults by reducing the values of fasting insulin, FBG, and HOMA-IR. Additional trials with longer durations are required to confirm these findings.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© BioMed Central Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2023

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