Effects of age and smoking on endothelial function assessed by quantitative cardiovascular magnetic resonance in the peripheral and central vasculature

Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance

Research

Wensheng Guo¹  Emile R Mohler²  Felix W Wehrli³  Yongxia Zhou³  Suliman Barhoum³  Jeremy F Magland³  Erin K Englund³  Erica N Chirico³  Michael C Langham³  Chandra M Sehgal³ 

[1] Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA;Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA;Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, 3400 Spruce Street, 19104, Philadelphia, PA, USA;

关键词: Vascular reactivity;    Oximetry;    Velocimetry;    Pulse wave velocity;    Smoking;    Aging;    Cardiovascular magnetic resonance;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12968-015-0110-8

 received in 2014-10-14, accepted in 2015-01-06,  发布年份 2015

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundBoth age and smoking promote endothelial dysfunction and impair vascular reactivity. Here, we tested this hypothesis by quantifying new cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR)-based biomarkers in smokers and nonsmokers.MethodsStudy population: young non-smokers (YNS: N = 45, mean age = 30.2 ± 0.7 years), young smokers (YS: N = 39 mean age 32.1 ± 0.7 years), older non-smokers (ONS: N = 45, mean age = 57.8 ± 0.6 years), and older smokers (OS: N = 40, mean age = 56.3 ± 0.6 years), all without overt cardiovascular disease. Vascular reactivity was evaluated following cuff-induced hyperemia via time-resolved blood flow velocity and oxygenation (SvO2) in the femoral artery and vein, respectively. SvO2 dynamics yielded washout time (time to minimum SvO2), resaturation rate (upslope) and maximum change from baseline (overshoot). Arterial parameters included pulse ratio (PR), hyperemic index (HI) and duration of hyperemia (TFF). Pulse-wave velocity (PWV) was assessed in aortic arch, thoracoabdominal aorta and iliofemoral arteries. Ultrasound-based carotid intimal-medial thickness (IMT) and brachial flow-mediated dilation were measured for comparison.ResultsAge and smoking status were independent for all parameters. Smokers had reduced upslope (−28.4%, P < 0.001), increased washout time (+15.3%, P < 0.01), and reduced HI (−19.5%, P < 0.01). Among non-smokers, older subjects had lower upslope (−22.7%, P < 0.01) and overshoot (−29.4%, P < 0.01), elevated baseline pulse ratio (+14.9%, P < 0.01), central and peripheral PWV (all P < 0.05). Relative to YNS, YS had lower upslope (−23.6%, P < 0.01) and longer washout time (13.5%, P < 0.05). Relative to ONS, OS had lower upslope (−33.0%, P < 0.01). IMT was greater in ONS than in YNS (+45.6%, P < 0.001), and also in YS compared to YNS (+14.7%, P < 0.05).ConclusionsResults suggest CMR biomarkers of endothelial function to be sensitive to age and smoking independent of each other.

【 授权许可】

Unknown   
© Langham et al.; licensee BioMed Central. 2015. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.