Longitudinal estimation of Plasmodium falciparum prevalence in relation to malaria prevention measures in six sub-Saharan African countries

Malaria Journal

Research

Bache Emmanuel Bache¹  Bertrand Lell¹  Selidji Todagbe Agnandji¹  Peter Kremsner¹  José Francisco Fernandes¹  Ludovic Mewono¹  Edith Roset Bahmanyar²  Jean-Yves Pirçon²  Michael Gabriel Mihayo³  Omar Juma³  Salim Abdulla³  Marcel Tanner⁴  Halidou Tinto⁵  Salou Diallo⁵  Palpouguini Lompo⁵  Marc Christian Tahita⁵  Lucas Otieno⁶  Bernhards Ogutu⁶  Walter Otieno⁶  Solomon Otieno⁶  Janet Oyieko⁶  Dorcas Atibilla⁷  Elisha Adeniji⁷  Kwaku Poku Asante⁷  George Adjei⁷  Dominic Bon-Ereme Dery⁷  Alex Agyekum⁸  Daniel Ansong⁸  Harry Owusu Boateng⁸  Tsiri Agbenyega⁸  John Tanko Bawa⁸  Samuel Adjei⁸  Chris Drakeley⁹  Seth Owusu-Agyei^1,10  Brian Greenwood^1,10  Umberto D’Alessandro^1,11  Effua Usuf^1,12  Robert Mongi^1,13  Method Segeja^1,13  Samwel Gesase^1,13  Coline Mahende^1,13  John Lusingu^1,13  David C. Kaslow^1,14  Terrell Carter^1,14  Didier Leboulleux^1,14  Léonard Dandalo^1,15  Irving Hoffman^1,15  Peter Maenje^1,15  Veronica Escamilla^1,15  Francis Martinson^1,15 

[1] Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Lambaréné, Gabon and Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany;GSK Vaccines, Wavre, Belgium;Ifakara Institute of Health, Bagamoyo Research and Training Centre, Bagamoyo District Hospital, P.O. Box 74, Bagamoyo, Tanzania;Ifakara Institute of Health, Bagamoyo Research and Training Centre, Bagamoyo District Hospital, P.O. Box 74, Bagamoyo, Tanzania;Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland;University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland;Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé, Nanoro, Burkina Faso;KEMRI-Walter Reed Project, Kombewa, Kenya;Kintampo Health Research Center, Kintampo, Ghana;Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Agogo, Ghana;London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK;London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK;Kintampo Health Research Center, Kintampo, Ghana;London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK;Medical Research Council Unit, The Gambia, Banjul, Gambia;Medical Research Council Unit, The Gambia, Banjul, Gambia;GSK Vaccines, Wavre, Belgium;National Institute for Medical Research, Korogwe, Tanzania;The PATH Malaria Vaccine Initiative, Washington, D.C., USA;University of North Carolina Project, Lilongwe, Malawi;

关键词: Epidemiology;    Malaria;    Transmission;    Prevalence;    Plasmodium falciparum;    Anaemia;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12936-017-2078-3

 received in 2017-05-26, accepted in 2017-10-19,  发布年份 2017

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundPlasmodium falciparum prevalence (PfPR) is a widely used metric for assessing malaria transmission intensity. This study was carried out concurrently with the RTS,S/AS01 candidate malaria vaccine Phase III trial and estimated PfPR over ≤ 4 standardized cross-sectional surveys.MethodsThis epidemiology study (NCT01190202) was conducted in 8 sites from 6 countries (Burkina Faso, Gabon, Ghana, Kenya, Malawi, and Tanzania), between March 2011 and December 2013. Participants were enrolled in a 2:1:1 ratio according to age category: 6 months–4 years, 5–19 years, and ≥ 20 years, respectively, per year and per centre. All sites carried out surveys 1–3 while survey 4 was conducted only in 3 sites. Surveys were usually performed during the peak malaria parasite transmission season, in one home visit, when medical history and malaria risk factors/prevention measures were collected, and a blood sample taken for rapid diagnostic test, microscopy, and haemoglobin measurement. PfPR was estimated by site and age category.ResultsOverall, 6401 (survey 1), 6411 (survey 2), 6400 (survey 3), and 2399 (survey 4) individuals were included in the analyses. In the 6 months–4 years age group, the lowest prevalence (assessed using microscopy) was observed in 2 Tanzanian centres (4.6% for Korogwe and 9.95% for Bagamoyo) and Lambaréné, Gabon (6.0%), while the highest PfPR was recorded for Nanoro, Burkina Faso (52.5%). PfPR significantly decreased over the 3 years in Agogo (Ghana), Kombewa (Kenya), Lilongwe (Malawi), and Bagamoyo (Tanzania), and a trend for increased PfPR was observed over the 4 surveys for Kintampo, Ghana. Over the 4 surveys, for all sites, PfPR was predominantly higher in the 5–19 years group than in the other age categories. Occurrence of fever and anaemia was associated with high P. falciparum parasitaemia. Univariate analyses showed a significant association of anti-malarial treatment in 4 surveys (odds ratios [ORs]: 0.52, 0.52, 0.68, 0.41) and bed net use in 2 surveys (ORs: 0.63, 0.68, 1.03, 1.78) with lower risk of malaria infection.ConclusionLocal PfPR differed substantially between sites and age groups. In children 6 months–4 years old, a significant decrease in prevalence over the 3 years was observed in 4 out of the 8 study sites.Trial registration Clinical Trials.gov identifier: NCT01190202:NCT. GSK Study ID numbers: 114001

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© The Author(s) 2017