Transmigration route of Campylobacter jejuni across polarized intestinal epithelial cells: paracellular, transcellular or both?

Cell Communication and Signaling

Review

Manja Boehm¹  Nicole Tegtmeyer¹  Steffen Backert¹  Silja Wessler² 

[1] Department of Biology, Institute for Microbiology, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen/Nuremberg, Staudtstr. 5, D-91058, Erlangen, Germany;Department of Molecular Biology, Division of Microbiology, Paris-Lodron University of Salzburg, Billroth Str. 11, A-5020, Salzburg, Austria;

关键词: Adherens junctions;    Cell polarity;    E-cadherin;    Fibronectin;    HtrA;    Integrins;    Invasion;    Molecular pathogenesis;    Cellular invasion;    Signaling;    TER;    Tight junctions;    Transmigration;    Virulence;   

DOI  :  10.1186/1478-811X-11-72

 received in 2013-08-04, accepted in 2013-09-18,  发布年份 2013

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

Intact intercellular junctions and cellular matrix contacts are crucial structural components for the formation and maintenance of epithelial barrier functions in humans to control the commensal flora and protect against intruding microbes. Campylobacter jejuni is one of the most important zoonotic pathogens causing food-borne gastroenteritis and potentially more severe diseases such as reactive arthritis or Guillain–Barré syndrome. Crossing the intestinal epithelial barrier and host cell invasion by C. jejuni are considered to represent the primary reasons of gut tissue damage in humans and various animal model systems including monkeys, piglets, rabbits, hamsters and ferrets. C. jejuni is also able to invade underlying tissues such as the lamina propria, can enter the bloodstream, and possibly reach distinct organs such as spleen, liver or mesenteric lymph nodes. However, the molecular mechanisms as well as major bacterial and host cell factors involved in these activities are poorly understood. Various models exist by which the pathogen can trigger its own transmigration across polarized intestinal epithelial cells in vitro, the paracellular and/or transcellular mechanism. Recent studies suggest that bacterial factors such as flagellum, serine protease HtrA and lipooligosaccharide LOS may play an active role in bacterial transmigration. Here we review our knowledge on transmigration of C. jejuni as well as some other Campylobacter species, and discuss the pros and cons for the route(s) taken to travel across polarized epithelial cell monolayers. These studies provide fresh insights into the infection strategies employed by this important pathogen.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© Backert et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2013