Need for a standardized protocol for stress echocardiography in provoking subaortic and valvular gradient in various cardiac conditions

Cardiovascular Ultrasound

Review

Pawel Petkow Dimitrow¹  Carlos Cotrim²  Tsung O Cheng³ 

[1] 2nd Department of Cardiology CMUJ, 31-501, Cracow, Poland;Circulation Department, Hospital da Cruz Vermelha Portuguesa, Lisboa, Portugal;Department of Medicine, The George Washington University Medical Center, 2150 Pennsylvania Avenue, 20037, Washington, NWDC, USA;

关键词: Exercise;    Echocardiography;    Stress test;    Upright;    Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy;    valve stenosis;   

DOI  :  10.1186/1476-7120-12-26

 received in 2014-04-26, accepted in 2014-06-30,  发布年份 2014

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

(Semi) supine exercise testing has an established role in the evaluation of patients with valvular heart disease and can help clinical decision making. Stress echocardiography has the advantages of its wide availability, low cost, and versatility for the assessment of disease severity. However, exercise-induced changes in valve hemodynamics, left ventricular outflow obstruction and pulmonary artery pressure depended on load variation. Changing position from supine to upright rapidly decreases load conditions for the ventricles. Therefore several cardiac centers have proposed exercise stress echocardiography in the upright position with gradient monitoring sometimes also in post-exercise recovery. Doppler measurement of subaortic gradient has been a very helpful and informative examination in several heart diseases (especially in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, valve heart diseases, prosthesis dysfunction).

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© Petkow Dimitrow et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2014