Malaria control in Botswana, 2008–2012: the path towards elimination

Malaria Journal

Research

Chihanga Simon¹  Bornapate Nkomo¹  Mpho Motlaleng¹  Tjantilili Mosweunyane¹  Haruna Baba Jibril¹  Davies Sedisa Ntebela¹  Emmanuel Chanda²  Ubydul Haque³  Kentse Moakofhi⁴ 

[1] National Malaria Programme, Ministry of Health, Gaborone, Botswana;Population Services International, Juba, Republic of South Sudan;W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA;World Health Organization, Botswana Country office, Gaborone, Botswana;

关键词: Malaria;    Malaria Transmission;    Malaria Control;    Malaria Case;    Rapid Diagnostic Test;   

DOI  :  10.1186/1475-2875-12-458

 received in 2013-09-06, accepted in 2013-12-14,  发布年份 2013

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundBotswana has made substantial progress towards malaria elimination across the country. This work assessed interventions and epidemiological characteristics of malaria in Botswana, during a period of decreasing transmission intensity.MethodsNational passive malaria surveillance data for five years (2008–2012) were analysed. A district-level, random effects model with Poisson regression was used to explore the association between malaria cases and coverage with long-lasting insecticide-treated nets (LLINs) and indoor residual spraying (IRS). Malaria cases were mapped to visualize spatio-temporal variation in malaria for each year.ResultsWithin five years, a reduction in malaria prevalence (approximately 98%) and number of deaths (12 to three) was observed. Between 2008 and 2012, 237,050 LLINs were distributed and 596,979 rooms were sprayed with insecticides. Coverage with LLINs and IRS was not uniformly distributed over the study period and only targeted the northern districts with a high malaria burden. The coverage of IRS was associated with a reduction in malaria cases.ConclusionsBotswana has made significant strides towards its goal of country-wide elimination of malaria. A major challenge in the future will be prevention and management of imported malaria infections from neighbouring countries. In order to accurately monitor progress towards the elimination goal, the malaria control programme (NMP) should strengthen the reporting and capturing of data at household and individual level. Systematic, periodic operational research to feedback the NMP will help to guide and achieve elimination.

【 授权许可】

Unknown   
© Simon et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2013. This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.