Breakdown of resistance to grapevine downy mildew upon limited deployment of a resistant variety

BMC Plant Biology

Research Article

Diana Bellin¹  Gabriele Di Gaspero²  Raffaele Testolin²  François Delmotte³  Elisa Peressotti⁴  Didier Merdinoglu⁵  Sabine Wiedemann-Merdinoglu⁵  Pere Mestre⁵ 

[1] Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali, University of Udine, via delle Scienze 208, 33100, Udine, Italy;Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, University of Verona, Strada le Grazie 15, 37134, Verona, Italy;Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali, University of Udine, via delle Scienze 208, 33100, Udine, Italy;Istituto di Genomica Applicata, Parco Scientifico e Tecnologico Luigi Danieli, via Jacopo Linussio 51, 33100, Udine, Italy;INRA, UMR1065 Santé Végétale, Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin - Bordeaux Aquitaine, BP 81, F- 33883, Villenave d'Ornon, France;INRA, UMR1131 Santé de la Vigne et Qualité du Vin, F-68000, Colmar, France;Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali, University of Udine, via delle Scienze 208, 33100, Udine, Italy;INRA, UMR1131 Santé de la Vigne et Qualité du Vin, F-68000, Colmar, France;Université de Strasbourg, UMR1131 Santé de la Vigne et Qualité du Vin, F-68000, Colmar, France;

关键词: Downy Mildew;    Resistant Variety;    Susceptible Plant;    Spore Concentration;    Necrotic Spot;   

DOI  :  10.1186/1471-2229-10-147

 received in 2009-12-04, accepted in 2010-07-15,  发布年份 2010

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundNatural disease resistance is a cost-effective and environmentally friendly way of controlling plant disease. Breeding programmes need to make sure that the resistance deployed is effective and durable. Grapevine downy mildew, caused by the Oomycete Plasmopara viticola, affects viticulture and it is controlled with pesticides. Downy mildew resistant grapevine varieties are a promising strategy to control the disease, but their use is currently restricted to very limited acreages. The arising of resistance-breaking isolates under such restricted deployment of resistant varieties would provide valuable information to design breeding strategies for the deployment of resistance genes over large acreages whilst reducing the risks of the resistance being defeated. The observation of heavy downy mildew symptoms on a plant of the resistant variety Bianca, whose resistance is conferred by a major gene, provided us with a putative example of emergence of a resistance-breaking isolate in the interaction between grapevine and P. viticola.ResultsIn this paper we describe the emergence of a P. viticola isolate (isolate SL) that specifically overcomes Rpv3, the major resistance gene carried by Bianca at chromosome 18. We show that isolate SL has the same behaviour as two P. viticola isolates avirulent on Bianca (isolates SC and SU) when inoculated on susceptible plants or on resistant plants carrying resistances derived from other sources, suggesting there is no fitness cost associated to the virulence. Molecular analysis shows that all three isolates are genetically closely related.ConclusionsOur results are the first description of a resistance-breaking isolate in the grapevine/P. viticola interaction, and show that, despite the reduced genetic variability of P. viticola in Europe compared to its basin of origin and the restricted use of natural resistance in European viticulture, resistance-breaking isolates overcoming monogenic resistances may arise even in cases where deployment of the resistant varieties is limited to small acreages. Our findings represent a warning call for the use of resistant varieties and an incentive to design breeding programmes aiming to optimize durability of the resistances.

【 授权许可】

Unknown   
© Peressotti et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2010. This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.