Longitudinal relationships between self-concept for physical activity and neighborhood social life as predictors of physical activity among older African American adults

International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity

Research

M. Lee Van Horn¹  Dawn K. Wilson²  Allison M. Sweeney² 

[1] Department of Individual, Family, and Community Education, University of New Mexico, 87131, Albuquerque, NM, USA;Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, 1233 Washington Street, 9th Floor, 29208, Columbia, SC, USA;

关键词: Physical activity;    Neighborhood Social Environment;    Self-concept;    Older adults;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12966-017-0523-x

 received in 2016-11-16, accepted in 2017-05-11,  发布年份 2017

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundEngaging in regular physical activity (PA) as an older adult has been associated with numerous physical and mental health benefits. The aim of this study is to directly compare how individual-level cognitive factors (self-efficacy for PA, self-determined motivation for PA, self-concept for PA) and neighborhood perceptions of the social factors (neighborhood satisfaction, neighborhood social life) impact moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) longitudinally among older African American adults.MethodsData were analyzed from a sub-set of older African American adults (N = 224, Mage = 63.23 years, SD = 8.74, 63.23% female, MBody Mass Index = 32.01, SD = 7.52) enrolled in the Positive Action for Today’s Health trial. MVPA was assessed using 7-day accelerometry-estimates and psychosocial data (self-efficacy for PA, self-determined motivation for PA, self-concept for PA, neighborhood satisfaction, neighborhood social life) were collected at baseline, 12-, 18-, and 24-months.ResultsMultilevel growth modeling was used to examine within- and between-person effects of individual-level cognitive and social environmental factors on MVPA. At the between-person level, self-concept (b = 0.872, SE = 0.239, p < 0.001), and neighborhood social life (b = 0.826, SE = 0.176, p < 0.001) predicted greater MVPA, whereas neighborhood satisfaction predicted lower MVPA (b = −0.422, SE = 0.172, p = 0.015). Among the between-person effects, only average social life was moderated by time (b = 0.361, SE = 0.147, p = 0.014), indicating that the impact of a relatively positive social life on MVPA increased across time. At the within-person level, positive increases in self-concept (b = 0.294, SE = 0.145, p = 0.043) and neighborhood social life (b = 0.270, SE = 0.113, p = 0.017) were associated with increased MVPA.ConclusionsThese results suggest that people with a higher average self-concept for PA and a more positive social life engaged in greater average MVPA. Additionally, changes in perceptions of one’s neighborhood social life and one’s self-concept for PA were associated with greater MVPA over 2 years. These factors may be particularly relevant for future interventions targeting long-term change and maintenance of MVPA in older African Americans.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.Gov #NCT01025726 registered 1 December 2009.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© The Author(s). 2017