Paracrine effects of TLR4-polarised mesenchymal stromal cells are mediated by extracellular vesicles

Journal of Translational Medicine

Commentary

Bernd Giebel¹  Bernd Denecke²  Ketan Patel³  Darius Widera⁴  Marie-Theres Zeuner⁴ 

[1] Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany;Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research Aachen (IZKF Aachen), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany;School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights Campus, Reading, UK;Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies (FRIAS), University of Freiburg, Albertstr. 19, 79104, Freiburg, Germany;Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Group, Reading School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Whiteknights Campus, PO Box 226, RG6 6AP, Reading, UK;

关键词: TLR4;    LPS;    Exosomes;    Microvesicles;    Extracellular vesicles;    MSCs;    Preconditioning;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12967-016-0794-z

 received in 2015-11-18, accepted in 2016-01-20,  发布年份 2016

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells able to give rise to bone, cartilage and fat cells. In addition, they possess immunomodulatory and immunosuppressive properties that are mainly mediated through secretion of extracellular vesicles (EVs). In a previous issue of Journal of Translational Medicine, Ti and colleagues demonstrated that preconditioning of MSCs with bacterial lipopolysaccharides results in secretion of EVs that can polarise macrophages towards anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype. Moreover, the authors suggest that EVs of ​lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated MSCs are superior to EVs of untreated MSCs concerning their ability to support wound healing. Our commentary critically discusses parallel efforts of other laboratories to generate conditioned media from stem cells for therapeutic applications, and highlights impact and significance of the study of Ti et al. Finally, we summarise its limitations and spotlight areas that need to be addressed to better define the underlying molecular mechanisms.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© Zeuner et al. 2016