Changes in vector species composition and current vector biology and behaviour will favour malaria elimination in Santa Isabel Province, Solomon Islands

Malaria Journal

Research

Donna O Mackenzie¹  Robert D Cooper¹  Sarah Corcoran¹  Cheng-Chen Chen²  Allen Apairamo³  Watson Hevalao³  Charlie Iro'ofa³  Albino Bobogare³  Hugo Bugoro⁴  Nigel W Beebe⁵  Tanya L Russell⁶ 

[1] Australian Army Malaria Institute, Gallipoli Barracks, 4052, Enoggera, Australia;Institute of Tropical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Sec.2, Li-Nong Street, 112, Taipei, Taiwan;National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme, Ministry of Health, Honiara, Solomon Islands;National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme, Ministry of Health, Honiara, Solomon Islands;Institute of Tropical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Sec.2, Li-Nong Street, 112, Taipei, Taiwan;School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, Goddard Building, 4068, St.Lucia, Qld, Australia;The University of Queensland, School of Population Health, Australian Centre for Tropical and International Health, Pacific Malaria Initiative Support Centre, 4006, Herston, Australia;

关键词: Malaria;    Indoor Residual Spray;    Solomon Island;    Malaria Elimination;    Anopheles Species;   

DOI  :  10.1186/1475-2875-10-287

 received in 2011-05-12, accepted in 2011-09-30,  发布年份 2011

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundIn 2009, Santa Isabel Province in the Solomon Islands embarked on a malaria elimination programme. However, very little is known in the Province about the anopheline fauna, which species are vectors, their bionomics and how they may respond to intensified intervention measures. The purpose of this study was to provide baseline data on the malaria vectors and to ascertain the possibility of successfully eliminating malaria using the existing conventional vector control measures, such as indoor residual spraying (IRS) and long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLIN).MethodsEntomological surveys were undertaken during October 2009. To determine species composition and distribution larval surveys were conducted across on the whole island. For malaria transmission studies, adult anophelines were sampled using human landing catches from two villages - one coastal and one inland.ResultsFive Anopheles species were found on Santa Isabel: Anopheles farauti, Anopheles hinesorum, Anopheles lungae, Anopheles solomonis, and Anopheles nataliae. Anopheles hinesorum was the most widespread species. Anopheles farauti was abundant, but found only on the coast. Anopheles punctulatus and Anopheles koliensis were not found. Anopheles farauti was the only species found biting in the coastal village, it was incriminated as a vector in this study; it fed early in the night but equally so indoors and outdoors, and had a low survival rate. Anopheles solomonis was the main species biting humans in the inland village, it was extremely exophagic, with low survival rates, and readily fed on pigs.ConclusionThe disappearance of the two major vectors, An. punctulatus and An. koliensis, from Santa Isabel and the predominance of An. hinesorum, a non-vector species may facilitate malaria elimination measures. Anopheles farauti was identified as the main coastal vector with An. solomonis as a possible inland vector. The behaviour of An. solomonis is novel as it has not been previously found biting humans in any numbers. Both species appear to be short-lived, a characteristic that will limit their transmission potential. The early night feeding behaviour and a degree of outdoor biting seen in An. farauti and particularly in An. solomonis will require that their response to IRS and LLIN be closely monitored. In coastal villages, where large, favourable breeding sites allow for high numbers of An. farauti may require the addition of larval control to achieve elimination.

【 授权许可】

Unknown   
© Bugoro et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2011. This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.