Associations between environmental factors and incidence of cutaneous melanoma. Review

Environmental Health

Review

Alena Bartonova¹  Katarina Volkovova²  Maria Dusinska³  Dagmar Bilanicova⁴  Silvia Letašiová⁵ 

[1] NILU - Norwegian Institute for Air Research, Oslo, Norway;Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia;Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia;NILU - Norwegian Institute for Air Research, Oslo, Norway;Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia;University of Venice, Venice, Italy;Slovak University of Technology, Bratislava, Slovak Republic;

关键词: Melanoma;    Cutaneous Melanoma;    Melanoma Risk;    Ozone Deplete Substance;    CDKN2A Mutation;   

DOI  :  10.1186/1476-069X-11-S1-S12

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundCutaneous melanoma is one of the most serious skin cancers. It is caused by neural crest-derived melanocytes - pigmented cells normally present in the epidermis and, sometimes, in the dermis.MethodsWe performed a review of current knowledge on the risk factors of cutaneous melanoma. Relevant studies were identified using the PubMed, Science Direct, Medline, Scopus, Scholar Google and ISI Web of Knowledge databases.ResultsMelanoma incurs a considerable public health burden owing to the worldwide dramatic rise in incidence since the mid-1960s. Ultraviolet radiation exposure is the predominant environmental risk factor. The role of geographical (latitude) and individual factors such as skin type, life style, vitamin D levels and antioxidant protection, sunburn, and exposure to other environmental factors possibly contributing to melanoma risk (such as cosmetics including sunscreen, photosensitising drugs, and exogenous hormones) are reviewed in this article. Recently, both rare high risk susceptibility genes and common polymorphic genes contributing to melanoma risk have been identified.ConclusionsCutaneous melanoma is a complex cancer with heterogeneous aetiology that continues to increase in incidence. Introduction of new biomarkers may help to elucidate the mechanism of pathogenesis and individual susceptibility to the disease, and make both prevention and treatment more effective.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© Volkovova et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2012