Performance-based incentives may be appropriate to address challenges to delivery of prevention of vertical transmission of HIV services in rural Mozambique: a qualitative investigation

Human Resources for Health

Research

Octávio de Sousa¹  Delphine Pinault²  Jacqueline Rivera³  Rebecca Olson⁴  Sera L. Young⁵  Roseanne C. Schuster⁶ 

[1] CARE Mozambique, 596 Av. Mártires de Mueda, Maputo, Mozambique;CARE Uganda, CARE Mozambique, 596 Av. Mártires de Mueda, Maputo, Mozambique;Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, 14853, Ithaca, NY, United States of America;Humphrey School of Public Affairs, University of Minnesota, 310 19th Street S, 55455, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America;Program in International Nutrition, Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Cornell University, 14853, Ithaca, NY, United States of America;Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University, 515 Clark Street, 60208, Evanston, IL, United States of America;Program in International Nutrition, Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, 14853, Ithaca, NY, United States of America;School of Human Evolution and Social Change, Arizona State University, 85287-2402, Tempe, AZ, United States of America;

关键词: Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV;    Performance-based incentives;    Maternal and child health nurses;    Community health workers;    Traditional birth attendants;    Motivation;    Health systems;    Mozambique;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12960-016-0157-0

 received in 2016-01-27, accepted in 2016-09-27,  发布年份 2016

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundPerformance-based incentives (PBIs) have garnered global attention as a promising strategy to improve healthcare delivery to vulnerable populations. However, literature gaps in the context in which an intervention is implemented and how the PBIs were developed exist. Therefore, we (1) characterized the barriers and promoters to prevention of vertical transmission of HIV (PVT) service delivery in rural Mozambique, where the vertical transmission rate is 12 %, and (2) assessed the appropriateness for a PBI’s intervention and application to PVT.MethodsWe conducted 24 semi-structured interviews with nurses, volunteers, community health workers, and traditional birth attendants about the barriers and promoters they experienced delivering PVT services. We then explored emergent themes in subsequent focus group discussions (n = 7, total participants N = 92) and elicited participant perspectives on PBIs. The ecological motivation-opportunity-ability framework guided our iterative data collection and thematic analysis processes.ResultsThe interviews revealed that while all health worker cadres were motivated intrinsically and by social recognition, they were dissatisfied with low and late remuneration. Facility-based staff were challenged by factors across the rest of the ecological levels, primarily in the opportunity domain, including the following: poor referral and record systems (work mandate), high workload, stock-outs, poor infrastructure (facility environment), and delays in obtaining patient results and donor payment discrepancies (administrative). Community-based cadres’ opportunity challenges included lack of supplies, distance (work environment), lack of incorporation into the health system (administration), and ability challenges of incorrect knowledge (health worker). PBIs based on social recognition and that enable action on intrinsic motivation through training, supervision, and collaboration were thought to have the most potential for targeting improvements in record and referral systems and better integrating community-based health workers into the health system. Concerns about the implementation of incentives included neglect of non-incentivized tasks and distorted motivation among colleagues.ConclusionsWe found that highly motivated health workers encountered severe opportunity challenges in their PVT mandate. PBIs have the potential to address key barriers that facility- and community-based health workers encounter when delivering PVT services, specifically by building upon existing intrinsic motivation and leveraging highly valued social recognition. We recommend a controlled intervention to monitor incentives’ effects on worker motivation and non-incentivized tasks to generate insights about the feasibility of PBIs to improve the delivery of PVT services.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© The Author(s). 2016