Lipopolysaccharide induces the expression of an autocrine prolactin loop enhancing inflammatory response in monocytes

Journal of Inflammation

Research

Alejandra Ochoa-Zarzosa¹  José Francisco Muñoz-Valle²  Susana Del Toro-Arreola³  Pedro E Sánchez-Hernández³  Ana L Pereira-Suárez³  Ciro Estrada-Chávez⁴  Gonzalo López-Rincón⁵ 

[1] Centro Multidisciplinario de Estudios en Biotecnología; Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, 58893, Tarímbaro, Michoacán, México;Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, 44340, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México;Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, 44340, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México;Unidad de Biotecnología Médica y Farmacéutica, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco A.C. Guadalajara, 44270, Jalisco, México;Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco A. C., Av. Normalistas 800, Colinas de la Normal, 44270, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México;Unidad de Biotecnología Médica y Farmacéutica, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco A.C. Guadalajara, 44270, Jalisco, México;Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología,Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, México, DF, México;

关键词: Prolactin;    Prolactin receptor;    Isoforms;    Monocytes, LPS;   

DOI  :  10.1186/1476-9255-10-24

 received in 2012-10-05, accepted in 2013-05-29,  发布年份 2013

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundProlactin from pituitary gland helps maintain homeostasis but it is also released in immune cells where its function is not completely understood. Pleiotropic functions of prolactin (PRL) might be mediated by different isoforms of its receptor (PRLr).MethodsThe aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the eventual synthesis of PRL and PRLr isoforms with the inflammatory response in monocytes. We used THP-1 and monocytes isolated from healthy subjects stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Western blot, real time PCR and immunocytochemistry were performed to identify both molecules. The bioactivity of the PRL was assessed using a bioassay and ELISA to detect pro inflammatory cytokines.ResultsPRLr mRNA and PRL mRNA were synthesized in THP-1 monocytes activated with LPS with peaks of 300-fold and 130-fold, respectively. The long (100 kDa) and the intermediate (50 kDa) isoforms of PRLr and big PRL (60 kDa) were time-dependent upregulated for monocytes stimulated with LPS. This expression was confirmed in monocytes from healthy subjects. The PRLr intermediate isoform and the big PRL were found soluble in the culture media and later in the nucleus in THP-1 monocytes stimulated with LPS. Big PRL released by monocytes showed bioactivity in Nb2 Cells, and both PRL and PRLr, synthesized by monocytes were related with levels of nitrites and proinflammatory citokines.ConclusionsOur results suggest the expression of a full-autocrine loop of PRL enhances the inflammatory response in activated monocytes. This response mediated by big PRL may contribute to the eradication of potential pathogens during innate immune response in monocytes but may also contribute to inflammatory disorders.

【 授权许可】

Unknown   
© López-Rincón et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2013. This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.