Disparities in dietary intake and physical activity patterns across the urbanization divide in the Peruvian Andes

International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity

Research

Carla E. Tarazona-Meza¹  Antonio Bernabe-Ortiz²  J. Jaime Miranda²  Jessica C. Jones-Smith³  Robert H. Gilman⁴  Catherine H. Miele⁴  Morgan L. McCloskey⁴  William Checkley⁵ 

[1] Biomedical Research Unit, A.B. PRISMA, Lima, Peru;CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru;Department of Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA;Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, 1830 Monument St Room 555, 21205, Baltimore, MD, USA;Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, 1830 Monument St Room 555, 21205, Baltimore, MD, USA;Biomedical Research Unit, A.B. PRISMA, Lima, Peru;

关键词: Nutrition transition;    24-h recall;    Urbanization;    Overweight;    Low- and middle income countries;    Chronic diseases;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12966-017-0545-4

 received in 2017-02-09, accepted in 2017-06-29,  发布年份 2017

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundDiet and activity are thought to worsen with urbanization, thereby increasing risk of obesity and chronic diseases. A better understanding of dietary and activity patterns across the urbanization divide may help identify pathways, and therefore intervention targets, leading to the epidemic of overweight seen in low- and middle-income populations. Therefore, we sought to characterize diet and activity in a population-based study of urban and rural residents in Puno, Peru.MethodsWe compared diet and activity in 1005 (503 urban, 502 rural) participants via a lifestyle questionnaire. We then recruited an age- and sex-stratified random sample of 50 (25 urban, 25 rural) participants to further characterize diet and activity. Among these participants, diet composition and macronutrient intake was assessed by three non-consecutive 24-h dietary recalls and physical activity was assessed using Omron JH-720itc pedometers.ResultsAmong 1005 participants, we found that urban residents consumed protein-rich foods, refined grains, sugary items, and fresh produce more frequently than rural residents. Among the 50 subsample participants, urban dwellers consumed more protein (47 vs. 39 g; p = 0.05), more carbohydrates (280 vs. 220 g; p = 0.03), more sugary foods (98 vs. 48 g, p = 0.02) and had greater dietary diversity (6.4 vs 5.8; p = 0.04). Rural subsample participants consumed more added salt (3.1 vs 1.7 g, p = 0.006) and tended to consume more vegetable oil. As estimated by pedometers, urban subsample participants burned fewer calories per day (191 vs 270 kcal, p = 0.03).ConclusionsAlthough urbanization is typically thought to increase consumption of fat, sugar and salt, our 24-h recall results were mixed and showed lower levels of obesity in rural Puno were not necessarily indicative of nutritionally-balanced diets. All subsample participants had relatively traditional lifestyles (low fat intake, limited consumption of processed foods and frequent walking) that may play a role in chronic disease outcomes in this region.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© The Author(s). 2017