Gender-dependent associations between socioeconomic status and metabolic syndrome: a cross-sectional study in the adult Saudi population

BMC Cardiovascular Disorders

Research Article

Nasiruddin Khan¹  Khalid M Alkharfy²  Majed S Alokail³  Nasser M Al-Daghri³  Omar S Al-Attas³  Abdulrahman S M Al-Ajlan⁴  Saad A Alghanim⁵  Mansour A Al-Yousef⁶  Hanan A Alfawaz⁷ 

[1] Biomarkers Research Program, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box, 2455, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia;Center of Excellence in Biotechnology Research, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia;Biomarkers Research Program, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box, 2455, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia;Clinical Pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia;Center of Excellence in Biotechnology Research, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia;Biomarkers Research Program, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box, 2455, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia;Prince Mutaib Chair for Biomarkers of Osteoporosis, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia;Department of Clinical Lab Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia;Department of Health Administration, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia;Health Affairs for Riyadh Region, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia;Prince Mutaib Chair for Biomarkers of Osteoporosis, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia;College of Food Science & Agriculture, Department of Food Science & Nutrition, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia;

关键词: Gender;    Socioeconomic status;    Marital status;    Income;    Education;    Saudi Arabia;   

DOI  :  10.1186/1471-2261-14-51

 received in 2013-09-05, accepted in 2014-04-10,  发布年份 2014

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundTo determine the gender-dependent association of socio-economic status variables with the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in the adult Saudi population.MethodsA total of 9164 adult Saudis (aged 18–70 years) were included in this cross-sectional study. Marital status, income, education, and occupation were used as socio-economic indicators while behavioral factor like physical exercise was also taken into account. MetS was defined using the criteria based from the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP III).ResultsIn males, the odds ratio (OR) of harboring MetS was higher in married [OR1.6 (Confidence Interval (CI) 1.1, 2.4); p < 0.03], and high income class [OR 2.3(CI 1.5, 3.5); p < 0.001] and lowest in retired and unemployed individuals [1.4(1.0, 1.9); p < 0.04, 0.61(0.45, 0.82); p < 0.001] respectively. In females, MetS was inversely related to high income [OR 0.70 (CI 0.46, 1.1); p < 0.09] and education level [OR 0.38 (CI 0.26, 0.56); p < 0.001], and was significantly higher in the unemployed class [OR 1.6 (CI 1.2, 2.2); p < 0.004].ConclusionsThe prevalence of MetS is significantly high among retired, married and high-earning Saudi males while in females, high earners and high education seem to confer a protective effect against MetS.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© Al-Daghri et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2014