Structural, biochemical, and physiological characterization of photosynthesis in leaf-derived cup-shaped galls on Litsea acuminata

BMC Plant Biology

Research Article

Chi-Ming Yang¹  Wen-Dar Huang²  Hsueh-Mei Chou³  Meng-Yuan Huang⁴  Pei-Ju Chen⁵  Yung-Ta Chang⁵  Chang-Chang Chen⁶ 

[1] Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, 115, Taipei, Nankang, Taiwan;Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University, 106, Taipei, Daan, Taiwan;Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Technology, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, 300, Hsinchu, Taiwan;Department of Horticulture and Biotechnology, Chinese Culture University, 111, Taipei, Hsulin, Taiwan;Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, 116, Taipei, Wenshan, Taiwan;Miaoli District Agricultural Research and Extension Station, COA, Guannan, 363, Kungkuan, Miaoli County, Taiwan;

关键词: Cecidomyiidae;    Gall;    Litsea acuminate;    Photosynthesis;    Chlorophyll fluorescence;    Sink;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12870-015-0446-0

 received in 2014-05-19, accepted in 2015-01-30,  发布年份 2015

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundThe source and sink relationships between insect-induced galls and host plant leaves are interesting. In this research, we collected cup-like galls induced by Bruggmanniella sp. (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) on host leaves of Litsea acuminata and assessed them to investigate source-sink relationships between galls and host leaves. We characterized several of their photosynthetic characteristics including chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv/Fm), stomatal conductance, and photosynthetic capacity, biochemical components such as total soluble sugar, starches, free amino acids, and soluble proteins. The structural analyses were performed under confocal, light, and scanning electron microscopies.ResultsCompared with host leaves, galls exhibited slightly lower chlorophyll fluorescence; however, stomatal conductance and photosynthetic capacity were not detected at all. Galls accumulated higher total soluble sugars and free amino acids but less soluble proteins than host leaves. No stomata was observed on exterior or interior gall surfaces under light or scanning electron microscopy, but their inner surfaces were covered with fungal hyphae. Confocal imagery showed a gradient of chloroplasts distribution between gall outer and inner surfaces.ConclusionsOur results strongly suggest that leaf-derived cecidomyiid galls are a type of chlorophyll-deficient non-leaf green tissue and consists on a novel sink in L. acuminate.

【 授权许可】

Unknown   
© Huang et al.; licensee BioMed Central. 2015. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.