Prevalence of use of non-prescription analgesics in the Norwegian HUNT3 population: Impact of gender, age, exercise and prescription of opioids

BMC Public Health

Research Article

Milada Mahic¹  Svetlana Skurtveit²  Pål Romundstad³  Ola Dale⁴  Petter C Borchgrevink⁵  Olav Magnus S Fredheim⁶ 

[1] Department of Pharmacoepidemiology, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, 0473, Oslo, Norway;Department of Pharmacoepidemiology, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, 0473, Oslo, Norway;Norwegian Centre of Addiction Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway;Department of Public Health and General Practice, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway;Pain and Palliation Research Group, Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway;Department of Research and Innovation, St. Olav’s University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway;Pain and Palliation Research Group, Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway;National Competence Centre for Complex Symptom Disorders, Department of Pain and Complex Disorders, St. Olav’s University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway;Pain and Palliation Research Group, Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway;National Competence Centre for Complex Symptom Disorders, Department of Pain and Complex Disorders, St. Olav’s University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway;Centre of palliative medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lorenskog, Oslo, Norway;

关键词: Non-prescription analgesics;    Pain;    General population;    Opioids;    Physical activity;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12889-015-1774-6

 received in 2014-12-05, accepted in 2015-04-22,  发布年份 2015

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundThere are concerns about potential increasing use of over-the-counter (OTC) analgesics. The aims of this study were to examine 1) the prevalence of self-reported use of OTC analgesics; 2) the prevalence of combining prescription analgesics drugs with OTC analgesics and 3) whether lifestyle factors such as physical activity were associated with prevalence of daily OTC analgesic use.MethodsQuestionnaire data from the Nord–Trøndelag health study (HUNT3, 2006–08), which includes data from 40,000 adult respondents. The questionnaire included questions on use of OTC analgesics, socioeconomic conditions, health related behaviour, symptoms and diseases. Data were linked to individual data from the Norwegian Prescription Database. A logistic regression was used to investigate the association between different factors and daily use of paracetamol and/or non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in patients with and without chronic pain.ResultsThe prevalence of using OTC analgesics at least once per week in the last month was 47%. Prevalence of paracetamol use was almost 40%, compared to 19% and 8% for NSAIDs and acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), respectively. While the use of NSAIDs decreased and the use of ASA increased with age, paracetamol consumption was unaffected by age. Overall more women used OTC analgesics. About 3-5% of subjects using OTC analgesics appeared to combine these with the same analgesic on prescription. Among subjects reporting chronic pain the prevalence of OTC analgesic use was almost twice as high as among subjects without chronic pain. Subjects with little physical activity had 1.5-4 times greater risk of daily use of OTC compared to physically active subjects.ConclusionsUse of OTC analgesics is prevalent, related to chronic pain, female gender and physical inactivity.

【 授权许可】

Unknown   
© Dale et al.; licensee BioMed Central. 2015. This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.