Phenotypic plasticity can facilitate adaptive evolution in gene regulatory circuits

BMC Evolutionary Biology

Research Article

Olivier C Martin¹  Carlos Espinosa-Soto²  Andreas Wagner³ 

[1] INRA, UMR 0320/UMR 8120 Génétique Végétale, F-91190, Gif-sur- Yvette, France;University of Zurich, Dept. of Biochemistry, Bldg. Y27 Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland;The Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics. Quartier Sorge, Batiment Genopode, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland;University of Zurich, Dept. of Biochemistry, Bldg. Y27 Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland;The Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics. Quartier Sorge, Batiment Genopode, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland;The Santa Fe Institute, 1399 Hyde Park Road, 87501, Santa Fe, NM, USA;

关键词: Phenotypic Plasticity;    Adaptive Evolution;    Evolutionary Search;    Interaction Density;    Alternative Phenotype;   

DOI  :  10.1186/1471-2148-11-5

 received in 2010-08-19, accepted in 2011-01-06,  发布年份 2011

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundMany important evolutionary adaptations originate in the modification of gene regulatory circuits to produce new gene activity phenotypes. How do evolving populations sift through an astronomical number of circuits to find circuits with new adaptive phenotypes? The answer may often involve phenotypic plasticity. Phenotypic plasticity allows a genotype to produce different - alternative - phenotypes after non-genetic perturbations that include gene expression noise, environmental change, or epigenetic modification.ResultsWe here analyze a well-studied model of gene regulatory circuits. A circuit's genotype encodes the regulatory interactions among circuit genes, and its phenotype corresponds to a stable gene activity pattern the circuit forms. For this model, we study how genotypes are arranged in genotype space, where the distance between two genotypes reflects the number of regulatory mutations that set those genotypes apart. Specifically, we address whether this arrangement favors adaptive evolution mediated by plasticity. We find that plasticity facilitates the origin of genotypes that produce a new phenotype in response to non-genetic perturbations. We also find that selection can then stabilize the new phenotype genetically, allowing it to become a circuit's dominant gene expression phenotype. These are generic properties of the circuits we study here.ConclusionsTaken together, our observations suggest that phenotypic plasticity frequently facilitates the evolution of novel beneficial gene activity patterns in gene regulatory circuits.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© Espinosa-Soto et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2011