Transcriptome analysis reveals the effects of sugar metabolism and auxin and cytokinin signaling pathways on root growth and development of grafted apple

BMC Genomics

Research Article

Juanjuan Ma¹  Na An¹  Caiping Zhao¹  Dong Zhang¹  Mingyu Han¹  Jiangping Mao¹  Guofang Li¹  Ming Tan¹  Guangli Sha² 

[1] College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, 712100, Yangling, Shaanxi, China;Institute of agricultural science, 266000, Qingdao, Shandong, China;

关键词: Grafted apple;    Root growth and development;    Sugar metabolism;    Auxin signaling;    CKs signaling;    Cell cycle;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12864-016-2484-x

 received in 2015-10-19, accepted in 2016-02-17,  发布年份 2016

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundThe root architecture of grafted apple (Malus spp.) is affected by various characteristics of the scions. To provide information on the molecular mechanisms underlying this influence, we examined root transcriptomes of M. robusta rootstock grafted with scions of wild-type (WT) apple (M. spectabilis) and a more-branching (MB) mutant at the branching stage.ResultsThe growth rate of rootstock grafted MB was repressed significantly, especially the primary root length and diameter, and root weight. Biological function categories of differentially expressed genes were significantly enriched in processes associated with hormone signal transduction and intracellular activity, with processes related to the cell cycle especially down-regulated. Roots of rootstock grafted with MB scions displayed elevated auxin and cytokinin contents and reduced expression of MrPIN1, MrARF, MrAHP, most MrCRE1 genes, and cell growth-related genes MrGH3, MrSAUR and MrTCH4. Although auxin accumulation and transcription of MrPIN3, MrALF1 and MrALF4 tended to induce lateral root formation in MB-grafted rootstock, the number of lateral roots was not significantly changed. Sucrose, fructose and glucose contents were not decreased in MB-grafted roots compared with those bearing WT scions, but glycolysis and tricarboxylic acid cycle metabolic activities were repressed. Root resistance and nitrogen metabolism were reduced in MB-grafted roots as well.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that root growth and development of rootstock are mainly influenced by sugar metabolism and auxin and cytokinin signaling pathways. This study provides a basis that the characteristics of scions are related to root growth and development, resistance and activity of rootstocks.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© Li et al. 2016