Cardiometabolic profile of obese children in a sub-Saharan African setting: a cross-sectional study

BMC Pediatrics

Research Article

Suzanne Sap¹  Olivier Koki Ndombo¹  Issa Ngosso Tetanye²  Daniel Nebongo³  Simeon-Pierre Choukem⁴  Eunice Chedjou-Nono⁵ 

[1]Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon

[2]Mother and Child Center of the Chantal BIYA Foundation, Yaounde, Cameroon

[3]Frantz Fanon Center, Yaounde, Cameroon

[4]Health and Human Development (2HD) Research Group, Douala, Cameroon

[5]Health and Human Development (2HD) Research Group, Douala, Cameroon

[6]Diabetes and Endocrine Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon

[7]Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon

[8]Higher Institute of Health Sciences, Université des Montagnes, Bangangte, Cameroon

关键词: Waist Circumference;    Obese Child;    Abdominal Obesity;    Normal Body Mass Index;    High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Level;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12887-017-0880-2

 received in 2016-09-01, accepted in 2017-05-08,  发布年份 2017

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundCardiovascular and metabolic consequences of obesity in children, unlike adults, are still not well understood nor have they been subject to extensive research in Africa. We aimed to identify the cardio-metabolic complications associated with childhood obesity at the early phase of the management of obese children in a reference center in Cameroon.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study conducted from November 2013 to September 2014 and based on World Health Organization (WHO) classification of Obesity (BMI > 3SD under 5 years and BMI > 2SD from 5 and above), we included children aged 3 to 17 years who were being followed up for obesity at the pediatric endocrinology unit of the Mother and Child Center of the Chantal BIYA Foundation in Yaounde, Cameroon. A control group composed of children with normal BMI coming for a routine check up or vaccination was matched to the obese subjects. In both groups, we measured waist circumference (WC), blood pressure, fasting lipid profile and fasting glycaemia. We also considered the presence or absence of acanthosis nigricans. Data were analyzed using STATA software version 11.0, and presented as means, medians, compared with parametric and non-parametric statistical tests.ResultsWe enrolled 38 obese children and 38 controls matched for sex and age. The majority of our participants were boys with a sex ratio of 1.24, and median age was 9.9 years. The median Z score of BMI was 3.21 in obese children. Approximately (n = 35) 90% of obese children (<6% in controls p < 0.001) presented with an abdominal obesity (WC/height ratio > 0.5) and 58% (n = 22) had acanthosis nigricans (5% (n = 2) in controls, p < 0.001). Type 2 diabetes mellitus was found in one participant, hypercholesterolemia in about 16% (n = 6) and high blood pressure in 25% (n = 8) of participants. Metabolic syndrome was present in 19% (n = 4) of obese children aged >10 years.ConclusionsObesity in children is associated with early onset metabolic disorders such as dyslipidemia, high blood pressure and type 2 diabetes. The screening and management of these complications is therefore recommended.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© The Author(s). 2017