Use of laboratory and administrative data to understand the potential impact of human parainfluenza virus 4 on cases of bronchiolitis, croup, and pneumonia in Alberta, Canada

BMC Infectious Diseases

Research Article

Allison N. Scott¹  Kimberley Simmonds²  Steven Drews³  Sumana Fathima⁴  Jesse Invik⁵ 

[1] Alberta Health, Edmonton, AB, Canada;Alberta Health, Edmonton, AB, Canada;University of Calgary, T2N 1N4, Calgary, AB, Canada;Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada;Provincial Laboratory for Public Health (ProvLab), 2B1.03 WMC, Edmonton, AB, Canada;University of Alberta Hospital, 8440-112 St, T6G 2J2, Edmonton, AB, Canada;Provincial Laboratory for Public Health (ProvLab), Calgary, AB, Canada;Provincial Laboratory for Public Health (ProvLab), Calgary, AB, Canada;University of Calgary, T2N 1N4, Calgary, AB, Canada;

关键词: Parainfluenza;    Bronchiolitis;    Croup;    Pneumonia;    Descriptive;    Respiratory;    Virus;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12879-016-1748-z

 received in 2015-11-19, accepted in 2016-08-03,  发布年份 2016

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundHuman Parainfluenza Virus (hPIV) causes severe respiratory illness in infants and adults. Our study describes the association of hPIV1–4 with bronchiolitis, croup, and pneumonia using retrospective laboratory, administrative and public health data. Due to issues including the historic lack of hPIV4 in some commercial respiratory virus panels, the description of the impact of hPIV4 on croup, bronchiolitis, and pneumonia at population levels has often been limited. This study will use routine clinical laboratory data, and administrative data to provide a preliminary description of the impact of hPIV4 on these diseases in our population.MethodsA three year cohort of patients positive for hPIV was linked with data from physician visits and hospital admissions to define cases and hospitalization status. International Classification of Disease (ICD-9) codes were used to determine if cases had croup, bronchiolitis, and pneumonia. We also looked at differences in hospitalization status, age and gender among hPIV1–4. All statistical analysis was done using SPSS (Version 19.0.0, IBM Corp© 2010) and Graphpad Prism V6 (GraphPad Software, Inc., 2012).ResultsOnly hPIV1 and hPIV4 specimens had positivity rates greater than 5 % of all specimens sent for respiratory virus panel testing. hPIV1 exhibited a biennial pattern while the pattern for hPIV3 was less interpretable due to lower positivity rates. Circulation patterns for hPIV2 and hPIV4 were not assessed due to the low positivity rates of theses specimens. From 2010 to 2013, there were 2300 hPIV cases with hPIV3 (46 %) being the most common, followed by hPIV1 (27 %), hPIV4 (16 %) and hPIV2 (11 %). The median age was 2 years for all hPIV types. Males were slightly greater than females for hPIV1 and hPIV2, with an equal distribution for hPIV3 and slightly more females than males for hPIV4. hPIV1 and hPIV2 had the highest or proportion of croup while hPIV3 and hPIV4 had the highest proportion of pneumonia. Within hPIV4 cases, distributions of diseases were; pneumonia (21 %, 95 % CI 17.1–25.7), bronchiolitis (18 %, 95 % CI 14.3–22.5), croup (2 %, 95 % CI 0.8–3.9), mixed illness of any of pneumonia, bronchiolitis or croup (4 %, 95 % CI 2.5–7.0) or other respiratory diseases (54 %, 95 % CI 49.1–59.6).ConclusionsWe used laboratory and administrative data to undertake a descriptive analysis of the association of hPIV1–4 with croup, bronchiolitis and pneumonia. hPIV4 appears to be more associated more with bronchiolitis and pneumonia and less with croup in our population.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© The Author(s). 2016