Vaccination coverage and timeliness in three South African areas: a prospective study

BMC Public Health

Research Article

Thorkild Tylleskär¹  Lars T Fadnes¹  Ingunn MS Engebretsen¹  Halvor Sommerfelt²  Wanga Zembe³  Debra Jackson⁴  David Sanders⁴ 

[1] Centre for International Health, University of Bergen, Norway;Centre for International Health, University of Bergen, Norway;Division of Infectious Disease Control, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Norway;Medical Research Council, South Africa;School of Public Health, University of Western Cape, South Africa;

关键词: Measle;    Exclusive Breastfeed;    Vaccination Coverage;    Measle Vaccine;    Booster Vaccination;   

DOI  :  10.1186/1471-2458-11-404

 received in 2011-02-18, accepted in 2011-05-27,  发布年份 2011

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundTimely vaccination is important to induce adequate protective immunity. We measured vaccination timeliness and vaccination coverage in three geographical areas in South Africa.MethodsThis study used vaccination information from a community-based cluster-randomized trial promoting exclusive breastfeeding in three South African sites (Paarl in the Western Cape Province, and Umlazi and Rietvlei in KwaZulu-Natal) between 2006 and 2008. Five interview visits were carried out between birth and up to 2 years of age (median follow-up time 18 months), and 1137 children were included in the analysis. We used Kaplan-Meier time-to-event analysis to describe vaccination coverage and timeliness in line with the Expanded Program on Immunization for the first eight vaccines. This included Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG), four oral polio vaccines and 3 doses of the pentavalent vaccine which protects against diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus, hepatitis B and Haemophilus influenzae type B.ResultsThe proportion receiving all these eight recommended vaccines were 94% in Paarl (95% confidence interval [CI] 91-96), 62% in Rietvlei (95%CI 54-68) and 88% in Umlazi (95%CI 84-91). Slightly fewer children received all vaccines within the recommended time periods. The situation was worst for the last pentavalent- and oral polio vaccines. The hazard ratio for incomplete vaccination was 7.2 (95%CI 4.7-11) for Rietvlei compared to Paarl.ConclusionsThere were large differences between the different South African sites in terms of vaccination coverage and timeliness, with the poorer areas of Rietvlei performing worse than the better-off areas in Paarl. The vaccination coverage was lower for the vaccines given at an older age. There is a need for continued efforts to improve vaccination coverage and timeliness, in particular in rural areas.Trial registration numberClinicalTrials.gov: NCT00397150

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© Fadnes et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2011