Population genomics of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.): Comparative analysis of global accessions and Senegalese landraces

BMC Genomics

Research Article

Zhenbin Hu¹  P. V. Vara Prasad¹  Sophie Bouchet¹  Geoffrey P. Morris¹  Ramasamy Perumal²  Bassirou Mbacké³  Ousmane Sy⁴  Mame Codou Guèye⁴ 

[1] Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, 66506, Manhattan, KS, USA;Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, 66506, Manhattan, KS, USA;Agricultural Research Center—Hays, Kansas State University, 67601, Hays, KS, USA;Ecole Nationale Supérieure d’Agriculture, Université de Thiès, BP 296, Thiès, Senegal;Institut Sénégalais de Recherches Agricoles, BP 3320, Thiès, Senegal;

关键词: Crop diversity;    Genotype-by-sequencing;    Population structure;    Principal component analysis;    Single nucleotide polymorphism;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12864-015-2255-0

 received in 2015-09-08, accepted in 2015-11-30,  发布年份 2015

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundPearl millet is a staple food for people in arid and semi-arid regions of Africa and South Asia due to its high drought tolerance and nutritional qualities. A better understanding of the genomic diversity and population structure of pearl millet germplasm is needed to support germplasm conservation and genetic improvement of this crop. Here we characterized two pearl millet diversity panels, (i) a set of global accessions from Africa, Asia, and the America, and (ii) a collection of landraces from multiple agro-ecological zones in Senegal.ResultsWe identified 83,875 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 500 pearl millet accessions, comprised of 252 global accessions and 248 Senegalese landraces, using genotyping by sequencing (GBS) of PstI-MspI reduced representation libraries. We used these SNPs to characterize genomic diversity and population structure among the accessions. The Senegalese landraces had the highest levels of genetic diversity (π), while accessions from southern Africa and Asia showed lower diversity levels. Principal component analyses and ancestry estimation indicated clear population structure between the Senegalese landraces and the global accessions, and among countries in the global accessions. In contrast, little population structure was observed across in the Senegalese landraces collections. We ordered SNPs on the pearl millet genetic map and observed much faster linkage disequilibrium (LD) decay in Senegalese landraces compared to global accessions. A comparison of pearl millet GBS linkage map with the foxtail millet (Setaria italica) and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) genomes indicated extensive regions of synteny, as well as some large-scale rearrangements in the pearl millet lineage.ConclusionsWe identified 83,875 SNPs as a genomic resource for pearl millet improvement. The high genetic diversity in Senegal relative to other regions of Africa and Asia supports a West African origin of this crop, followed by wide diffusion. The rapid LD decay and lack of confounding population structure along agro-ecological zones in Senegalese pearl millet will facilitate future association mapping studies. Comparative population genomics will provide insights into panicoid crop evolution and support improvement of these climate-resilient crops.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© Hu et al. 2015