Depression, suicidal ideation, and associated factors: a cross-sectional study in rural Haiti

BMC Psychiatry

Research Article

Kristen E McLean¹  Bradley H Wagenaar²  Bonnie N Kaiser³  Ashley K Hagaman⁴  Brandon A Kohrt⁵ 

[1] Department of Behavioral Sciences & Health Education, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA;Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA;Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA;Department of Anthropology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA;Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA;Transcultural Psychosocial Organization (TPO) Nepal, Kathmandu, Nepal;

关键词: Suicidal Ideation;    Beck Depression Inventory;    Suicidal Behavior;    Mental Distress;    Beck Depression Inventory Score;   

DOI  :  10.1186/1471-244X-12-149

 received in 2012-02-21, accepted in 2012-09-10,  发布年份 2012

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundSince the 2010 earthquake in Haiti, there has been increased international attention to mental health needs throughout the country. The present study represents one of the first epidemiologic studies of depression symptomatology, suicidal ideation, and associated factors in Haiti’s Central Plateau.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional, zone-stratified household survey of 408 adults in Haiti’s Central Plateau. Depression symptomatology was assessed with a culturally-adapted Kreyòl version of the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Multivariable linear and logistic regression models were built using backward elimination, with the outcomes being continuous BDI scores and endorsing suicidal ideation, respectively.ResultsThe mean BDI score was 20.4 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 19.3-21.5), and 6.13% (N = 25) of participants endorsed current suicidal ideation. Factors associated with BDI scores were: continuous age (adjusted beta [aβ]: 0.14, CI: 0.06-0.22), female gender (aβ: 2.1, CI: 0.18-4.0), suicidal ideation (aβ: 11.1, CI: 7.3-14.9), death in family (aβ: 2.7, CI: 0.57-4.9), and prior life-threatening illness (aβ: 2.6, CI: 0.77-4.5). Education was a risk factor for depression among women but not among men, and employment was a risk factor for both genders. Factors associated with endorsing suicidal ideation were: BDI score (ten point change) (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 2.5, CI: 1.7-3.6), lack of care if sick (aOR: 5.5, CI: 1.1-28.6), alcohol use (aOR: 3.3, CI: 1.3-8.2), and ever having been to a Vodou priest (aOR: 3.2, CI: 1.1-9.5).ConclusionsA large proportion of Haiti’s Central Plateau may be experiencing high levels of depression symptomatology and/or current suicidal ideation. Screening could be conducted in biomedical, religious, and Vodou healing contexts. For prevention, poverty reduction and improved healthcare access are key elements. For treatment, general psychiatric services, psychosocial services for the medically ill and their families, and substance abuse interventions should be explored. Paradoxical associations related to education and employment require further exploration.

【 授权许可】

Unknown   
© Wagenaar et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2012. This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.