Inhibitory activities of selected Kampo formulations on human aldose reductase

BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine

Research Article

Wei Li¹  Takahiro Fukazawa¹  Kazuo Koike¹  Masahiko Obayashi¹  Chikako Ishikawa¹  Toshihisa Onoda² 

[1] Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, Miyama 2-2-1, 274-8510, Funabashi, Chiba, Japan;Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, Miyama 2-2-1, 274-8510, Funabashi, Chiba, Japan;Toho University Sakura Medical Center, Shimoshidu 564-1, 285-8741, Sakura, Chiba, Japan;

关键词: Kampo;    Aldose reductase;    Diabetes complications;    Chotosan;   

DOI  :  10.1186/1472-6882-14-435

 received in 2014-04-26, accepted in 2014-10-27,  发布年份 2014

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundDiabetes complications include various symptoms such as diabetic neuropathy and cognitive disorders. Aldose reductase (AR) is the rate-limiting enzyme of the polyol pathway and is one of the causal factors of diabetes complications. In this study, the bioactivities of eight selected Kampo formulations that are currently in clinical use for diabetes complications were assessed using human AR (hAR) inhibitory activity as the primary parameter to explore the possibilities of novel clinical applications of these formulations in the treatment of diabetes complications.MethodsThe hAR inhibitory activities of four Kampo formulations that are clinically used for diabetic neuropathy, four Kampo formulations that are used for cognitive disorders, and a total of 21 component crude drugs were measured. Furthermore, the hAR inhibitory activity of Glycyrrhizae Radix preparata was measured to determine the effect of frying, which is one of the specific processing of Glycyrrhizae Radix. hAR inhibitory activity was determined by measuring the rate of decline in the absorbance of NAPH at 340 nm using 0.5 mM NADPH, 10 mM D,L-glyceraldehyde, and 3.6 mU/mL hAR in phosphate buffer solution (0.2 M, pH 6.2).ResultsAll of the Kampo formulations exhibited significant hAR inhibitory activity; Chotosan exhibited particularly strong activity. Among the 21 crude drugs tested, adequate inhibitory activities were found for the following, in descending order of activity: Glycyrrhizae Radix > Paeoniae Radix > Chrysanthemi Flos > Cinnamomi Cortex > Phellodendri Cortex > Uncariae Uncis cum Ramulus > Bupleuri Radix. Glycyrrhizae Radix preparata exhibited an inhibitory activity that was nearly identical to that of Glycyrrhizae Radix.ConclusionsDespite their seemingly different treatment objectives, all of the Kampo formulations that are clinically used for diabetes complications demonstrated significant hAR inhibitory activity. This activity might underlie the characteristic multi-target effects of Kampo formulations. Although the overall effect of a Kampo formulation is certainly difficult to evaluate based on specific herbal medications or components, the approach as taken in this study might nonetheless contribute to further advancement in the development of new drugs via the review of proper usage and re-examination of the chemical compounds from a new perspective.

【 授权许可】

Unknown   
© Onoda et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2014. This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.