Genomic ancestry and the social pathways leading to major depression in adulthood: the mediating effect of socioeconomic position and discrimination

BMC Psychiatry

Research Article

Luciana de Avila Quevedo¹  Ricardo Pinheiro¹  Fernando C. Barros¹  Alexandre C. Pereira²  Christian Loret de Mola³  Helen Gonçalves³  Denise Petrucci Gigante³  Fernando Pires Hartwig³  Bernardo Lessa Horta³  Janaína Vieira dos Santos Motta⁴ 

[1] Health and Behavior Postgraduate Program, Universidade Católica de Pelotas – UCPEL, Rua Gonçalves Chaves, 377 - sala 411, prédio C. CEP: 96015-560, Pelotas, RS, Brazil;Heart Institute, University of São Paulo Medical School, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455 - Cerqueira César - CEP: 01246903, São Paulo, SP, Brazil;Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Caixa Postal 464, Rua Marechal Deodoro, 1160 - 3° Piso, Bairro Centro. Cep: 96020-220, Pelotas, RS, Brazil;Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Caixa Postal 464, Rua Marechal Deodoro, 1160 - 3° Piso, Bairro Centro. Cep: 96020-220, Pelotas, RS, Brazil;Health and Behavior Postgraduate Program, Universidade Católica de Pelotas – UCPEL, Rua Gonçalves Chaves, 377 - sala 411, prédio C. CEP: 96015-560, Pelotas, RS, Brazil;

关键词: Major depression;    Genomic ancestry;    Socioeconomic position;    Discrimination;    Brazil;    Cohort;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12888-016-1015-2

 received in 2016-03-11, accepted in 2016-08-23,  发布年份 2016

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundEvidence suggests that there is an association between ethnicity/skin color and depression; however, many contextual and individual variables, like sense of discrimination and socioeconomic position (SEP), might influence the direction of this association. We assessed the association between African ancestry and major depression among young adults that have been followed-up since birth in a Southern Brazilian city, and the mediating effect of SEP and discrimination.MethodsIn 1982, all hospital deliveries in Pelotas (Southern Brazil) were identified; liveborns were examined and their mothers interviewed (n = 5914). In 2012–13, at 30 years of age, we used the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) for major depression diagnosis. In addition, DNA samples were genotyped for approximately 2.5 million single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) using Illumina (CA, USA) HumanOmni2.5-8v1 array. Genomic ancestry estimation was based on approximately 370 000 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) mutually available for the Pelotas cohort and selected samples (used as reference panels) of the HapMap and Human Genome Diversity (HGDP). We estimated prevalence ratios (PR) using Poisson regression models and evaluated the association between percentage of African ancestry and major depression. We used G-computation for mediation analysis.ResultsAt 30 years, 3576 individuals were evaluated for major depression (prevalence = 7.9 %). Only individuals in the highest SEP, who had a percentage of African ancestry between >5–30 % and >30 % had a prevalence of major depression 2.16 (PR = 2.16 95 % CI [1.05–4.45]) and 2.74 (PR = 2.74 95 % CI [1.06–7.06]) times higher, than those with 5 % or less, respectively. Among these subjects, sense of discrimination by skin color, captured 84 % of the association between African ancestry and major depression.ConclusionSEP is an important effect modifier of the positive association between African ancestry and major depression. In addition, this association is predominantly mediated by the sense of feeling discriminated by skin color.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© The Author(s). 2016