Typhoid fever cases in the U.S. military

BMC Infectious Diseases

Research Article

Daniel J. Selig¹  Mark S. Riddle¹  Tia Sorrell¹  Chad K. Porter¹ 

[1] Enteric Diseases Department, Infectious Disease Directorate, Naval Medical Research Center, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, 20910, Silver Spring, MD, USA;

关键词: Salmonella typhi;    Travel medicine;    Military health;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12879-015-1159-6

 received in 2015-03-03, accepted in 2015-09-30,  发布年份 2015

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundSalmonella enterica, serovar Typhi (S. Typhi), a causative agent of enteric fever (typhoid fever), predominately affects populations in developing regions with poor access to clean food and water. In addition, travelers to these regions are at risk of exposure.MethodsWe report the epidemiological characteristics of S. Typhi cases among active duty United States military personnel from 1998 to 2011 using data obtained from the Defense Medical Surveillance System. Cases were identified based on International Classification for Disease Ninth Edition - Clinical Modification codes.ResultsWe identified a total of 205 cases S. Typhi for an incidence of 1.09 per 100,000 person-years. Cases were on average 31.7 years old, predominately married (n = 129, 62.9 %), Caucasian (n = 142, 69.3 %), male (n = 176, 85.9 %), and had a high school education (n = 101, 49.3 %). Of the identified cases, 122 had received a Typhoid vaccination within 4 years of diagnosis.ConclusionThis study provides an overview of enteric fever in the United States military. The incidence was similar to the general U.S. population except for increased incidence from 1998 to 2000, perhaps attributable to operational deployments in that period. Given that vaccination is an effective primary prevention measure against typhoid fever, active monitoring of pre-deployment vaccine history is warranted.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© Sorrell et al. 2015