Electrochemical and optical biosensors for early-stage cancer diagnosis by using graphene and graphene oxide

Cancer Nanotechnology

Review

Aditya Balaji¹  Jin Zhang² 

[1] Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond St., N6A 5B9, London, ON, Canada;Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond St., N6A 5B9, London, ON, Canada;Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond St., N6A 5B9, London, ON, Canada;

关键词: Graphene;    Graphene oxide;    Protein–protein interaction (PPI);    Electrochemical sensor;    Optical sensor;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12645-017-0035-z

 received in 2017-03-21, accepted in 2017-11-28,  发布年份 2017

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

Conventional instruments for cancer diagnosis including magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography scan, are expensive and require long-waiting time, whilst the outcomes have not approached to the successful early-stage diagnosis yet. Due to the special properties of graphene-based nanocomposites, e.g., good electrical and thermal conductivity, luminescence, and mechanic flexibility, these ultra-thin two-dimensional nanostructures have been extensively used as platforms for detecting biomolecules and cells. Herein, we discuss the development of two types of graphene and graphene oxide-based biosensors: electrochemical and optical, aimed for tumor detection and early diagnosis of cancer. Moreover, we highlight the challenges of their use as biosensors for cancer detection. Efficient surface modification and suitable bio-conjugation of graphene and graphene oxide is discussed, including key role in improvement of the biocompatibility, and improved performance in terms of selectivity and sensitivity towards the early diagnosis of cancer.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© The Author(s) 2017