Neighbourhood built environment associations with body size in adults: mediating effects of activity and sedentariness in a cross-sectional study of New Zealand adults

BMC Public Health

Research Article

Tony Blakely¹  Vivienne Ivory¹  Melody Oliver²  Grant Schofield²  Erica Hinckson²  Hannah Badland³  Karen Witten⁴  Karl Parker⁴  Paul Sweetsur⁴  Suzanne Mavoa⁵  Robin Kearns⁶  Jamie Pearce⁷ 

[1] Department of Public Health, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand;Human Potential Centre, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand;McCaughey VicHealth Community Wellbeing Unit, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia;SHORE and Whāriki Research Centre, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand;SHORE and Whāriki Research Centre, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand;McCaughey VicHealth Community Wellbeing Unit, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia;School of Environment, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand;School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK;

关键词: Obesity;    Epidemiology;    Physical activity;    Geographic information systems;    Body mass index;    Urban design;    Walkability;    New Zealand;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12889-015-2292-2

 received in 2015-04-15, accepted in 2015-09-16,  发布年份 2015

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to determine the associations between body size and built environment walkability variables, as well as the mediating role of physical activity and sedentary behaviours with body size.MethodsObjective environment, body size (body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC)), and sedentary time and physical activity data were collected from a random selection of 2033 adults aged 20–65 years living in 48 neighbourhoods across four New Zealand cities. Multilevel regression models were calculated for each comparison between body size outcome and built environment exposure.Results and DiscussionStreet connectivity and neighborhood destination accessibility were significant predictors of body size (1 SDchange predicted a 1.27 to 1.41 % reduction in BMI and a 1.76 to 2.29 % reduction in WC). Significantrelationships were also observed for streetscape (1 SD change predicted a 1.33 % reduction in BMI) anddwelling density (1 SD change predicted a 1.97 % reduction in BMI). Mediation analyses revealed asignificant mediating effect of physical activity on the relationships between body size and street connectivity and neighbourhood destination accessibility (explaining between 10.4 and 14.6 % of the total effect). No significant mediating effect of sedentary behaviour was found. Findings from this cross-sectional study of a random selection of New Zealand adults are consistent with international research. Findings are limited to individual environment features only; conclusions cannot be drawn about the cumulative and combined effect of individual features on outcomes.ConclusionsBuilt environment features were associated with body size in the expected directions. Objectively-assessed physical activity mediated observed built environment-body size relationships.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© Oliver et al. 2015