Increased prevalence of depression and anxiety in patients with migraine and interictal photophobia

The Journal of Headache and Pain

Research Article

Jonathan E. Frandsen¹  Judith E. A. Warner²  Bradley J. Katz²  Kathleen B. Digre²  Alison V. Crum²  Stephanie M. Llop³  Chong Zhang⁴ 

[1] Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, John A. Moran Eye Center, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, 65 N. Mario Capecchi Drive, 84132, Salt Lake City, UT, USA;Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, John A. Moran Eye Center, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, 65 N. Mario Capecchi Drive, 84132, Salt Lake City, UT, USA;Department of Neurology, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, 175 North Medical Drive East, 84132, Salt Lake City, UT, USA;Department of Ophthalmology, University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, PO Box 365067, 00936, San Juan, Puerto Rico, USA;Division of Epidemiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, 30 N 1900 East, 84132, Salt Lake City, UT, USA;

关键词: Photophobia;    Migraine;    Depression;    Anxiety;    Sleep disorders;    Intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s10194-016-0629-6

 received in 2016-01-16, accepted in 2016-04-07,  发布年份 2016

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundMost patients with migraine report photophobia associated with headache; a subset report interictal photophobia. These patients are light sensitive even during headache-free periods. The objective of this case–control study was to assess the prevalence of symptoms of anxiety and depression in migraine patients with and without interictal photophobia.MethodsWe recruited 16 subjects with migraine and interictal photophobia, 16 age- and gender-matched migraine subjects without interictal photophobia, and 16 age- and gender- matched controls. Migraine subjects met International Headache Society classification criteria. Participants completed a photophobia questionnaire, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II), and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). Chi-square analyses and two-tailed Wilcoxon rank sum tests were used for the analyses.ResultsSubjects with interictal photophobia had significantly higher scores on the photophobia questionnaire compared to subjects without interictal photophobia. Subjects with interictal photophobia had significantly higher scores on the BDI-II and BAI compared to subjects without interictal photophobia.ConclusionsMigraine patients with interictal photophobia are more likely to manifest symptoms of depression and anxiety compared to migraine patients without interictal photophobia. Care providers should be aware of increased prevalence of these symptoms in this population and consider appropriate referrals. Future research could assess whether treatment of photophobia leads to improvements in symptoms of depression and anxiety in migraine patients.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© Llop et al. 2016