The red ear syndrome

The Journal of Headache and Pain

Review Article

Giorgio Lambru¹  Manjit S Matharu¹  Sarah Miller¹ 

[1] Institute of Neurology and The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, WC1N 3BG, London, UK;

关键词: Red ear syndrome;    Migraine;    Trigemino-autonomic reflex;    Trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias;    Parasympathetic system;    Erythromelalgia;   

DOI  :  10.1186/1129-2377-14-83

 received in 2013-08-30, accepted in 2013-09-29,  发布年份 2013

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

Red Ear Syndrome (RES) is a very rare disorder, with approximately 100 published cases in the medical literature. Red ear (RE) episodes are characterised by unilateral or bilateral attacks of paroxysmal burning sensations and reddening of the external ear. The duration of these episodes ranges from a few seconds to several hours. The attacks occur with a frequency ranging from several a day to a few per year. Episodes can occur spontaneously or be triggered, most frequently by rubbing or touching the ear, heat or cold, chewing, brushing of the hair, neck movements or exertion. Early-onset idiopathic RES seems to be associated with migraine, whereas late-onset idiopathic forms have been reported in association with trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias (TACs). Secondary forms of RES occur with upper cervical spine disorders or temporo-mandibular joint dysfunction. RES is regarded refractory to medical treatments, although some migraine preventative treatments have shown moderate benefit mainly in patients with migraine-related attacks. The pathophysiology of RES is still unclear but several hypotheses involving peripheral or central nervous system mechanisms have been proposed.

【 授权许可】

Unknown   
© Lambru et al.; licensee Springer. 2013. This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.